Chapter 7B Flashcards
How is Mitosis different from Meiosis
Mitosis:
1) One round of division
2) Two daughter cells that are genetically identical to parent
3) Crossing over + independent assortment do not occur
Where does Crossing Over occur?
Prophase I
Where does Independent Assortment occur?
Metaphase I
What is Crossing Over?
Crossing over is a process that happens between homologous chromosomes in order to increase genetic diversity. During crossing over, part of one chromosome is exchanged with another. The result is a hybrid chromosome with a unique pattern of genetic material.
What is Independent Assortment?
the random orientation of homologous chromosome pairs during metaphase I
List all the steps of Meiosis
- Prophase I
- Metaphase I
- Anaphase I
- Telophase I/Cytokinesis
- Prophase II
- Metaphase II
- Anaphase II
- Telophase II/Cytokinesis
Name two processes that assist in enabling genetic diversity in Meiosis
Independent Assortment and Crossing Over
What occurs during Prophase I?
- Nuclear membrane breaks down
- Chromosomes condense
- Crossing over
What occurs during Metaphase I?
- Independent Assortment
- Chromosomes line up at Metaphase Plate
What occurs during Anaphase I?
- Chromosomes pulled to poles
What occurs during Telophase I?
- Nuclear membrane cleaved
- Chromosomes arrive at opposite ends
- Cytokinesis
What occurs during Prophase II
- Nuclear envelope breaks down
- Chromosomes condense
- Spindle fibres form
What occurs during Metaphase II?
Chromosomes line up on Metaphase Plate
What occurs during Anaphase II?
- Sister chromatids are separated.
- Chromatids pulled towards poles
What occurs during Telophase II (and cytokinesis)?
- Chromosomes decondense
- Nuclear membrane forms
- Cell is split into four haploid cells
