Chapter 70 - Protein Metabolism

Question 1

Amount of “obligatory loss of protein”

Answer 1

20 to 30 grams per day

Question 2

TO BE ON THE SAFE SIDE, minimum protein intake recommended

Answer 2

60 to 75 grams per day

Question 3

Protein linkages

Answer 3

1. peptide bonds
2. hydrogen bonding
3. disulfide bonds

Question 4

Normal conc. of AA in blood

Answer 4

35 to 65 mg/dl

Question 5

Rapid AA turnover rate - AA NEVER accumulate in blood

Time of
(1) protein digestion and absorption
(2) AA clearance after entering blood

Answer 5

(1) 2-3 hrs
(2) 5 to 10 minutes

Question 6

Movement of AA in and out cell membranes

Answer 6

Active transport or facilitated transport using carrier proteins

Question 7

Plasma proteins

Answer 7

1. albumin
2. globulins
3. fibrinogen - blood coagulation

Question 8

Rate of plasma protein production in liver

Answer 8

30g/day

Question 9

labile protein storage medium that function as a readily available source of amino acids

Answer 9

plasma proteins

Question 10

The most effective therapy for severe, acute whole-body protein deficiency

(reversible equilibrium between plasma proteins and tissue proteins)

Answer 10

Intravenous transfusion of plasma protein

Question 11

Enzyme responsible for initiating most deamination (especially in liver)

Answer 11

aminotransferases

Question 12

Amount of protein degradation during starvation

Answer 12

125 grams daily

Question 13

Hormones that increase protein synthesis

Answer 13

*Growth hormone
*Insulin
*Testosterone
*Estrogen (minimal effect)

Question 14

Hormones that increase breakdown of most tissue protein

Answer 14

*Glucocorticoids (decrease tissue protein and increase liver protein, plasma protein, and AA)