Chapter 7 Vitamins

Question 1

antioxidant

Answer 1

a molecules that prevents oxidation od cellular structures by free radicals

Question 2

scurvy

Answer 2

a disease that is caused by lack of vitamin C that is characterized by diffuse tissue bleeding, painful limbs and joints, thickened bones, skin discoloration, weak bones, slow to hear wounds, swelling gums, and loose teeth

Question 3

retinol

Answer 3

Chemical name for Vitamin A, name taken from the vitamins visual functions related to the retina of the eye, which is the back inner lining of the eyeball, which catches the light and refractions of the lens to form images

Question 4

cholecalciferol

Answer 4

chemical name for vit d

Question 5

calcitriol

Answer 5

activated form of Vit d

Question 6

rickets

Answer 6

childhood disease that is a softening and weakening of the bones from lack of vit D

Question 7

tocopherol

Answer 7

Chemical name for Vit E, works to preserve structural tissues and cell membranes

Question 8

ascorbic acid

Answer 8

chemical name for Vit c

Question 9

Thiamin

Answer 9

Chemical name for vit B1 and it is important for metabolism

Question 10

Beriberi

Answer 10

a disease of the peripheral nerves that is caused by a deficiency in Thiamin and is characterized by pain and paralysis of arms and legs, cardiovascular changes and edema

Question 11

Riboflavin

Answer 11

Chemical Name for Vit B2; a coenzyme factor in many cell reactions related to energy and protein metabolism

Question 12

Niacin

Answer 12

chemical name for Vit B3; it was discovered in discovery of the relation to the deficiency disease pellagra. Importat co-enzyme relating to metabolism functions

Question 13

pellagra

Answer 13

a deficiency disease caused by a lack of niacin and inadequate amounts of protein that has the amino acid tryptophan, which is a precursor of Niacin. Characterized by lesions aggravated by sunlight as well a by gastrointestinal mucosal, neurologic, and mental symptoms

Question 14

Vitamin A

Answer 14

Vitamin A (Retinol) plays a roll in vision, growth, tissue strength and immunity. Vit A can be found in fortified dairy products, egg yolk, cream, butter, dark green or deep orange vegetables like sweet potatoes, carrots, pumpkin, spinach and collard greens

Question 15

Vitamin D

Answer 15

Vit D helps maintain phosphorous and calcium homeostasis, grows strong bones and teeth. Can be found in fortified milk products, fatty fish and fish oils, and the skin can synthesize Vit D from sun exposure.

Question 16

Vitamin E

Answer 16

Vit E is an antioxidant and is useful in immunity and cell signaling. It can be found in Vegetable oils, vegetable greens, nuts and seeds.

Question 17

Vitamin K

Answer 17

Vit K helps blood clotting and bone formation. It can be found in dark green leafy vegetables.

Question 18

B Vitamins

Answer 18

The B Vitamins (1,2,3,6,12) all contribute to normal health and growth and metabolic functions. Some specifically work on heart function, nerve health, energy levels. Etc. They can be found in whole grains, fortified cereals and breads, lean meats.

Question 19

Vitamin C

Answer 19

Vit C acts as an antioxidant, a cofactor of enzymes, immune support, and metabolic processes. Best sources of Vit C include citrus fruits and bell peppers and tomatoes.

Question 20

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 20

vitamins that are soluble by and stored in fat. Vit A, Vit D, Vit E, Vit K

Question 21

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 21

Vit C, B Vitamins, Folate,