Chapter 4 Proteins

Question 1

amino acids

Answer 1

building blocks of proteins

Question 2

bonds

Answer 2

peptide, dipeptide, tripeptide, polypeptide

Question 3

catabolism

Answer 3

the metabolic process of or breaking down large substances to yield smaller building blocks

Question 4

anabolism

Answer 4

the metabolic process of building large substances from smaller parts

Question 5

deamination

Answer 5

the removal of the nitrogen containing part from an amino acid

Question 6

functions of protein

Answer 6

structural tissue building
water balance
buffer agent to maintain pH Balance
digestion and metabolism through enzymatic action e.g. amylase, lipase, proteases
Cell signaling and transport (hemoglobin and transferrin)
Immunity (antibodies)
source of energy

Question 7

osmotic pressure

Answer 7

pressure that is produced as a result of osmosis across a semipermeable membrane

Question 8

Incomplete protein

Answer 8

proteins that are deficient in one or more of the nine indispensable amino acids

Question 9

proenzyme

Answer 9

an inactive presursor that is converted to the active enzyme by action of an acid, another enzyme, or by other means

Question 10

zymogen

Answer 10

an inactive enzyme precursor

Question 11

pepsin

Answer 11

main gastric enzyme specific to proteins. It breaks down large molecules of proteins into smaller polypeptides

Question 12

rennin

Answer 12

the milk curdling enzyme of gastric juices of human infants and young animals

Question 13

pancreatic secretions

Answer 13

trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase

Question 14

intestinal secretions

Answer 14

aminopeptidase, dipeptidase