Chapter 7 - The Rise Of Islam

Question 1

Sheikh

Answer 1

Ruling member of the tribe

Question 2

Majlis

Answer 2

Council of the elders

Question 3

Hegira

Answer 3

Flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina; first date on official calendar of Islam

Question 4

Umma

Answer 4

First Islamic community

Question 5

Five Pillars of Islam

Answer 5

1. Belief in Allah and Muhammad as his prophet
2. Prayer 5 times a day, public prayer midday Friday
3. Observation of Ramadan
4. Making pilgrimage to Mecca at least once
5. Giving alms (zakat) to poor or unfortunate

Question 6

Ramadan

Answer 6

Holy month of Islam, associated with fasting from dawn to sunset

Question 7

Ulama

Answer 7

Muslim scholars

Question 8

Shari’a

Answer 8

Law code to provide believers with a set of prescriptions to regulate their daily lives

Question 9

Hadith

Answer 9

Collection of sayings of the Prophet that were used to supplement the revelations contained in the holy scriptures

Question 10

Caliph

Answer 10

Temporal leader of the Islamic community

Question 11

Imam

Answer 11

Religious leader

Question 12

Jihad

Answer 12

“Striving in the way of the Lord;” also “holy war”

Question 13

Shi’ites

Answer 13

“Partisans of Ali”

Question 14

Sunni

Answer 14

“Orthodox” Muslims

Question 15

Sultan

Answer 15

“Holder of power”

Question 16

Crusades

Answer 16

Military campaign in defense of Christianity

Question 17

Emir

Answer 17

“Commander”

Question 18

Sufism

Answer 18

Belief that called for a mystical relationship between Allah and humans

Question 19

Mihrab

Answer 19

Niche in a mosque’s wall that points to Mecca

Question 20

Muezzin

Answer 20

Man who calls Muslims to prayer at appointed times

Question 21

Vizier

Answer 21

Prime minister

Question 22

Bedouin

Answer 22

Arab nomadic peoples who came originally from the northern part of the peninsula