Chapter 7 - The Emergence of the Greek City and Classical Athens

Question 1

What does the end of the Archaic period in Greece symbolize?

Answer 1

The emergence of democracy

Question 2

What does “demokratia” mean?

Answer 2

The rule of the demos (people)

Question 3

What are the 3 main bodies of the Greek democratic system?

Answer 3

Boule, Prytanis, Ekklasia

Question 4

Why did Athens wield so much influence in the Greek world?

Answer 4

Athens played a crucial role in the defense of Greek during the Persia attacks of 490 and 480 BC

Question 5

Through was years was the democratic leader Perikles in power?

Answer 5

495-429 BC

Question 6

In what why did Athens attempt to take control of Greece?

Answer 6

Through the creation of the Delian League in 478 (received tribute from Greek cities and islands in return for protection)

Question 7

What event lead to the Athenian Hegemony?

Answer 7

The Peloponnese War (between Athens and Sparta)

Question 8

Why was it that Perikles wanted to beautify Athens?

Answer 8

For political purposes, to show the power of Athens

Question 9

What is the agora?

Answer 9

The central market place/political center of Athens

Question 10

What is the Acropolis and what important buildings did it contain?

Answer 10

The religious center of Athens, contained the Erection, Parthenon, Propylaia, and the Temple of Athena Nike

Question 11

What is the Kerameikos?

Answer 11

The Athenian cemetery

Question 12

What is the name of the main gates in Athens?

Answer 12

The Dipylon Gates

Question 13

In what style was the Parthenon constructed?

Answer 13

Doric (not surprising on the mainland)

Question 14

To what deity was the Parthenon a temple to?

Answer 14

Athena (the patron deity of the city) the maiden

Question 15

What is an architectural feature of the Parthenon that was not typical for Greek temples of the time?

Answer 15

Its had an extra room, possibly for storage

Question 16

What were some of the “optical refinements” made by the Greeks on the Parthenon?

Answer 16

The base platform was curve upward in the center and the columns were leaned in slightly and bulged slightly in the middle (called entasis)

Question 17

What in the historical importance of the use of the “optical refinements” on the Parthenon by the Greeks?

Answer 17

It means that these people were using something close to science

Question 18

What is a frieze? Why is it interesting that there are friezes on the Parthenon?

Answer 18

A feature of Ionic style architecture, used on the Doric style Parthenon

Question 19

What are the friezes on the East and West side of the Parthenon depicting?

Answer 19

East - the birth of Athena, west - the contest between Athena and Poseidon

Question 20

Overall, what do the metopes on the Parthenon depict?

Answer 20

The battles between the Greeks (civilized) and barbarians (uncivilized)

Question 21

Which battles do each of the metopes on the Parthenon depict?

Answer 21

West - Amazonomachy, North - Trojanomachy, South - Centauromachy, East - Giantomachy

Question 22

Which building held the city cult statue of Athena Polis?

Answer 22

The Erectheion

Question 23

What is the name of the front section of the Erectheion?

Answer 23

The Caryatid Porch

Question 24

What is the name of the front section of the Erectheion?

Answer 24

The Caryatid Porch

Question 25

What is the Propylaia?

Answer 25

The entrance way into the Acropolis

Question 26

What is the old Bouleuterion?

Answer 26

Council house