Chapter 7 Study Guide Flashcards
Rome was built on __ hills along the ___ river, ___ miles from the coast of the ___ Sea
7 Tiber 15 Mediterranean
according to legend who founded Rome
Romulus and Remus
according to legend who founded Rome
Romulus and Remus
what kind of government did the Etruscan’s establish
monarchy
what type of government was established once the Etruscan Kings were overthrown
Republic
what is a republic
type of government in which voters elect officials to run the state
what type of citizens could vote in Rome
male
the three governing bodies of the Roman Republic
- senate
- magistrates
- assemblies
the three powers given to the Senate
- control public funds
- decide foreign policy
- could propose for a dictator
what was a dictator
absolute ruler who could be elected by the Senate to serve a 6 month term
how many consuls were elected and for how long
2 1 year
what are the three powers given to the consuls
- ran government
- commanded army
- appointed dictators
means refuse to approve or ‘forbid’
veto
who assisted the consuls
praetors
what did censors do
registered citizens according to wealth, appointed candidates to the Senate, over saw the moral conduct of all citizens
how many tribunes were elected every year and by who
10 assemblies
struggle of common people to gain more rights in the Roman Republic
conflict of orders
powerful, noble landowners who controlled the government and inherited power from their fathers
patricians
who made up the majority of the population
plebeians
plebeians were mostly __ and __ who could vote but not hold ___
farmers and workers
office
what were the 12 tables
written Roman law placed in the Forum for all to read
major unit of the Roman army
legion
who did rome fight against in the Punic Wars
Carthage
rome and carthage fought over what
control of Sicily
how did rome develop their navy during the first punic war
capturing carthaginian boats
what was the result of the 1st Punic War for Carthage
had to pay war reparations and lost Sicily
what carthage’s greatest general
Hannibal
what Roman general defeated Hannibal
Scipio
what battle was Hannibal defeated at
Zama
why was there a 3rd Punic War
Rome wanted to crush Carathage because they hated them
after the punic wars the rich were getting __ and the poor getting ___
richer
poorer
what roman brothers died trying to reform rome
the Gracchi; Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
who defeated Marius in a civil war and ruled rome as a dictator
Sulla
nephew of Marius
Julius Caesar
Caesar was very popular with the ___
poor
who was in the 1st triumvirate
Caesar Pompey Crassor
where did caesar raise his army and gain fame for conquering
Gaul
who was jealous of caesar and ordered him back to Rome without his army
Pompey
who did Caesar and Marc Antony have a long-lasting affair with
Cleopatra
Caesar was later named a ___ by the Senate on 44 BC
dictator
why did the common people love and revere caesar
he gave the poor food and soldiers land
Caesar’s friend who was the conspiracy to murder him
Marcus Brutus
who was Caesar;s grandnephew
Octavian
who was in the 2nd Triumvirate
Octavian Marc Antony Lepiacs
who gave Octavian the title meaning the sacred one
the Senate
what does the sacred one mean
Augustus
what is the reign of Caesar Augustus known as
Pax Romana
what does Pax Romana mean
Roman peace
how long was the pax romana
200 years
relative of Julius Caesar who ruled Rome until 68 AD
Julio-Claudian
who succeeded Caesar Augustus
Tiberius
who killed Claudius
his wife-Agrippira
what was Nero blamed for
Great Fire of Rome
who did Nero have killed
his mother-Agrippira
Hadrian and Marcus Aurelius were 2 of the 5 __ __
great emperors
what did Hadrian build during his rule
wall across Britain
what did Marcus Aurelius prefer to study rather than fight wars
stoic philosophy
strongest unifying force with the ___ in control
government, emperor
two alterations of the 12 tables
- new laws could be passed
- judges could interpret laws to fit new circumstances
trade for everyday goods
domestic trade
trade for luxury goods
foreign trade
how roadways contributed to the greatness of the Roman Empire (3)
promoted trade
travel
transportation
who held the most power in the Roman household
father
what culture influence Roman Religion
greek
for entertainment, roman watched trained fighters called ___ fight to death in the ___
gladiators
arena (circus)
structures that transported water from the mountains to the people
Aqueducts
