Chapter 7 Flashcards
positive geography:
Alps are to the ___ and provided ___ against enemies
north
protection
positive geography:
located in the central area of the ___
controlled the __ and __
Mediterranean
East and West
positive geography:
___ mountains
did not prevent ___
Appenine
trade
negative geography:
alps separate ___ from ___
enemies could attack through the Alps because of ___
Italy
Europe
passages
negative geography:
with long ___, italy was vulnerable to ___ attacks
coastlines
naval
who founded Rome and came from the north
Etruscan Monarchs
monarchs brought ___ language, fine ___, ___ roads, and ___ and influenced ___ culture
written arts paved sewers
Roman
Monarchs built Rome into a large ___
city
but according to legend who founded Rome
Romulus and Remus
who settled in southern Italy and Sicily
Greeks
who influence Roman religion
greeks
the Roman religion had the same ___ but different ___
gods/goddesses
names
who is main god in Roman religion, Greek?
Jupiter- Roman
Zeus- Greek
Rome was built on _ hills along the __ river ___ miles from the coast
7 Tiber 15
Rome was protected from ___ invasion
sea
it was located at the ___ part of the river which made it perfect for ___
shallowest
trade
who overthrew Etruscan Monarchy
Roman Aristocrats
the aristocrats established a form of government in which voters elect officials to run the state thats called
Republic
only ___ citizens could vote
male
only ___ citizens could vote
male
most powerful branch of roman government
Senate
the Senate could…
- control ___ ___
- decide ___ ___
- in case of emergency, propose for a ___
public funds
foreign policies
dictator
a dictator ruled for __ months and had total control of __ and __
6
army and courts
magistrate consisted of __ consuls which had __ year terms
2
1
consuls governed with advice from ___
Senate
Consul powers…
- ran ___
- commanded ___
- appointed ___
government
army
dictators
consuls had ___ power
veto
what does veto mean
refuse to approve or “forbid”
magistrate also consisted of ___. who assisted the consuls
praetors
praetors could..
- command __ in times of war
- oversee Roman ___ ___
- interpreted Roman __
armies
legal system
laws
praetors could..
- command __ in times of war
- oversee Roman ___ ___
- interpreted Roman __
armies
legal system
laws
what part of the magistrate became powerful
censors
the censors could…
- register citizens according to __
- appoint candidates to the ___
- oversee ___ ___ of citizens
wealth
Senate
moral characters
what is made up of the citizens
assemblies
assemblies could…
- vote on ___
- elect officials including the ___
- served as ___
laws
consuls
court
the assemblies elected __ tribunes
10
the 10 tribunes had power over the ___
Senate
the assemblies could refuse actions of the __-
Senate
what is the conflict of orders
struggle of common people to gain more rights in the Roman republic
rome had __ classes
2
rome had __ classes
2
what were the 2 classes
plebeians and patricians
powerful, noble landowners
patricians
patricians controlled the ___
government
patricians inherited __
power
the majority of the population
plebeians
what were the main jobs of a plebeian
farmers and workers
at first plebeians had __ rights and could __ but not hold ___
few vote office
plebeians could not serve as ___
judges
the laws were not ___ ___
written down
plebeians gained rights to:
- right to join __
- hold __
- form ___
- elect ___
army
office
assemblies
tribunes
written Roman Law placed in the forum for all to read
Twelve Tables
by 342 BC a ___ always help one consul position
plebeian
some plebeians that held a consul position became ___ and were considered ___
wealthy
nobles
___ faded between social classes
distinction
who controlled the Republic
nobles
public officials were ___
unpaid
by 256BC Roman control led all of Italy south of ___ River
Rubican
who was required to serve in the army
adult male citizens who owned land
strict discipline:
- enforced by ___
- well trained with ___ ___
soldiers
high morale
major unit of Roman army
legion
how many soldiers were in a legion
4,500-6,00
how many soldiers were in a legion
4,500-6,000
unit of non citizens in the roman army
auxilia
romans ruled conquered people ___
well
roman wanted…
- ___ to Rome
- full citizenship to ___
- partial citizenship to people of ___ ___
loyalty
Rome
distant cities
if you lived in Greece, you received ___ citizenship
partial
conquered people were expected to..(2)
serve in army
provide farmland
what did conquering spread (3)
Latin language
Roman law
culture
when did rome and carthage come into conflict
mid 200’s BC
carthage is a city on the coast of __ ___
north africa
Carthage had…
- ___ power
- interests in ___
commercial
Sicily
carthage feared ___ wanted Sicily
Rome
Rome feared Carthaginian ___ wanted to control the
___
navy
Mediterranean
conflict over Sicily led to the ___ ___
Punic Wars
the Punic Wars were ___ vs. ___
carthage rome
the Punic Wars were ___ vs. ___
carthage rome
how many wars were in the Punic Wars
3
how long did the first Punic War last
23 yrs
rome had no ___ to start the war
navy
rome quickly developed a navy from capturing a ___ __
Carthaginian boat
romans added ___ bridges to ships to take enemies ships
landing
