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Psychology 203 > Chapter 7: Social Thinking > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Social Thinking Flashcards

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1
Q

How do we judge people?

A

Based on appearances, verbal behavior, their actions, and non verbal messages

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2
Q

What is the theory behind biological need for interpersonal relationships?

A

Need to belong theory

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3
Q

What is social cognition?

A

The way people perceive, interpret and categorize actions (whether their own or others)

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4
Q

Which theory explains distinct human emotions?

A

Discrete emotions theory

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5
Q

Who was the thinker behind Primary Emotions Theory?

A

Paul Ekman

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6
Q

What is the difference between Primary and Secondary emotions?

A

Primary emotions can be categorized by universal emotions. (Anger, sadness, disgust etc) Secondary emotions are a combination (Fear + Surprise = Alarm)

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7
Q

Why are self emotional reports invalid?

A

Has low validity, and are often impacted by personal bias

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8
Q

What influences our behavior in certain situations?

A

Situational Cues

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9
Q

Why do we make snap judgements?

A

Our brains are lazy, and making snap moment judgements save us energy

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10
Q

What kind of judgment is used to deal with individuals who impact our welfare and happiness?

A

Systematic judgment

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11
Q

What is an attribution?

A

Inferences we draw to explain behaviour

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12
Q

Dispositional vs Situational Attribution

A

Behavior caused by the person vs behavior caused by the situation

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13
Q

What is the name of the phenomenon where we search for things which verify our biases?

A

Confirmation bias

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14
Q

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A

Results as a result of our thinking, and or our behavior

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15
Q

What is the term used to describe separating people into social groups by race, gender, ethnicity?

A

Social Catagorization

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16
Q

What causes us to see out-group members as more alike than they actually are?

A

Out-group Homogeneity Effect

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17
Q

What is implicit attitude?

A

A person which is unaware of their attitude

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18
Q

What happens if we generalize a group of people?

A

Results in sterotypes

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19
Q

What causes us to distrust anyone unfamiliar or strange?

A

Adaptive conservatism

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20
Q

What is Fundamental Attribution Error?

A

Using dispositional attribution to explain the behavior of other people

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21
Q

Where First impressions, and last impressions leave a lasting impact on us

A

The primary effect

22
Q

Negative attitude towards a specific group of people, matter of attitude

A

Prejudice

23
Q

Behaving differently towards a group of people, matter of action

A

Discrimination

24
Q

What explains the belief that people will get what they deserve?

A

Belief in a just world

25
Q

Why do we separate people into in-groups and out-groups?

A

Because of cognitive distortion

26
Q

What is realistic conflict theory?

A

Amount of conflict = determines amount of prejudice

27
Q

Targets of stereotypes begin to internalize those stereotypes

A

Stereotype threat

28
Q

What kind of goals override differences among people, requiring cooperation?

A

Superordinate Goals

29
Q

What is the difference between Central and Peripheral routes of persuasion?

A

Careful, deliberate vs superficial info, snap judgements

30
Q

Why are we nice to those who are nice to us?

A

Norm of repocity

31
Q

What kind of conformity is used to appeal to others, whilst avoiding deviance?

A

Normative influence

32
Q

In what experiment was Informal influence used?

A

Milgrim Experiment

33
Q

What is informal influence?

A

Any type of leadership that is not based upon formal authority

34
Q

When is obedience the strongest?

A

Others taking responsibility for your actions, you are motivated to meet an authority figure’s expectations, or if you have little time to think about your actions

35
Q

What is the difference between conformity and compliance?

A

Conformity is voluntary while compliance is enforced

36
Q

What is a motor program

A

Physiological response that is common for all humans. For example clenches teeth when angry

37
Q

What is the robbers cave experiment

A

Based on realistic conflict theory
Experiment was done one 11 year old boys who were split into two group. They began a rivalry but when asked to work together they became friends

38
Q

What are the 3 persuasion strategies

A

Foot in the door technique
Door in the face technique
Low ball technique

39
Q

Foot in the door technique

A

making a small request before making a bigger on

40
Q

Door in the face technique

A

making an unreasonably large request before making a small request (the one you wanted anyway)

41
Q

Low ball technique

A

seller starts by quoting a price below actual sale price. Then
mentions the desirable add-ons

42
Q

Ads that make it seem like something bad will happen if you do not
comply

A

Appeals to fear

43
Q

What is the - tendency of people to change their behaviour because of group
influence

A

Conformity

44
Q

The asch paradigm

A

series of tests to see the extent of social pressure in conformity
Matching lines experiment we saw in psych 30

45
Q

Unanimity

A

If someone says the right answer (the answer you think is right) you are less likely to conform with the majority

46
Q

Difference in the wrong answer

A

Someone else picks a answer that differs from the group even if this isnt your answer you are less likely to conform

47
Q

Size of the majority

A

Only strong when group size is stronger then for members. Number of people in the majority doesnt matter

48
Q

Compliance

A

when your behaviour is caused by social pressure and does not affect your private beliefs. Example bullying people on roblox cause your friends are doing it even tho you think its wrong

49
Q

Bystander effect

A

bystanders want to help, but often find themselves ‘frozen’ and unable to help. More people means less likely to help

50
Q

Diffusion of responsibility

A

we are less likely to assist in a large group because responsibility to help is shared (someone else will do it)

51
Q

Deindividuation

A

the tendency to engage in an atypical behaviour when stripped of your
identity Example being toxic on twitter

Psychology 203 (5 decks)

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