Chapter 7 Social Groups Flashcards
What is a social group?
Base in class, race, ethnicity, indignity, gender, age, and Institutional networks we maintain relationships with people who are not always our kin members, or members of domestic units
What is a primary group? And what is a secondary group?
- Primary: people who know each other personally
- secondary: connected with each other on a common ground, may not interact face to face
Define friendship
A close social tie between at least 2 induviduals who are generally non kin
Define ties
Informal, voluntary, personal, face to face interaction
What are some secondary social groups?
- clubs
- fraternities/sororities
- cooperatives
- countercultural groups (gangs)
What is androphobic and gynophobic?
Androphobic - man hating
Gynophobic - women hating
Why do young people join gangs?
- a defiant individualist personality
- structural inequality
What is social capital?
Norms of trust and reciprocal exchange, culture and social solidarity, or network are key factors for development among the poor
- bonding capital:among social groups
- bridging capital: within locality
- linking capital: connections to people or institutions which carry power
What is social stratification
-hierarchical relationships between different groups arranged in layer or “strata”
What is stratification
Depends on access to material and non material resources, power, education, symbolic attributes, entitlement and roles
When did social stratification emerge?
With the agricultural mode of production, the ideas of private ownership and the state
What’s a role?
Comprises both expected behaviour for someone of a particular status and a script for how to behave look and talk
What’s an achieved status?
Class- something you can bring soon yourself
What is an ascribed status?
Race, ethnicity, caste not controllable
What is mechanical solidarity
Social bonding among groups that are similar (pre industrial society)
What is organic solidarity
Social bonding among groups with different abilities and resources (industrial society)
What is meritocratic individualism
Rewards go to those who deserve them
Describe class?
- refers to persons position in society defined in economic terms
- can be very mobile over life course
- class relation often based on conflict and control resources
- Class and status don’t always match
- class can be both ascribed and achieved
What is ethnicity?
A shared sense of historical group identity on some grounds and set of relations to other groups
What is objectification
The intentional construction of a collective public identity; it is the process that produces what we commonly think of ethnicity
What is reification
A form of negotiable racial or ethic absolutism that encourages the violent elimination of targeted groups and is central to the practice of racism
What is caste
-A ranked group, determined by birth, often linked to particular occupation
What is Jajmani service
Patron-client relationship among different classes
What is a civil society?
Organized force by members of society that works in between the state and the family in order to advance common interests values, or identity’s
