Chapter 7 Social Groups

Question 1

What is a social group?

Answer 1

Base in class, race, ethnicity, indignity, gender, age, and Institutional networks we maintain relationships with people who are not always our kin members, or members of domestic units

Question 2

What is a primary group? And what is a secondary group?

Answer 2

• Primary: people who know each other personally

- secondary: connected with each other on a common ground, may not interact face to face

Question 3

Define friendship

Answer 3

A close social tie between at least 2 induviduals who are generally non kin

Question 4

Define ties

Answer 4

Informal, voluntary, personal, face to face interaction

Question 5

What are some secondary social groups?

Answer 5

• clubs
• fraternities/sororities
• cooperatives
• countercultural groups (gangs)

Question 6

What is androphobic and gynophobic?

Answer 6

Androphobic - man hating

Gynophobic - women hating

Question 7

Why do young people join gangs?

Answer 7

• a defiant individualist personality

- structural inequality

Question 8

What is social capital?

Answer 8

Norms of trust and reciprocal exchange, culture and social solidarity, or network are key factors for development among the poor

• bonding capital:among social groups
• bridging capital: within locality
• linking capital: connections to people or institutions which carry power

Question 9

What is social stratification

Answer 9

-hierarchical relationships between different groups arranged in layer or “strata”

Question 10

What is stratification

Answer 10

Depends on access to material and non material resources, power, education, symbolic attributes, entitlement and roles

Question 11

When did social stratification emerge?

Answer 11

With the agricultural mode of production, the ideas of private ownership and the state

Question 12

What’s a role?

Answer 12

Comprises both expected behaviour for someone of a particular status and a script for how to behave look and talk

Question 13

What’s an achieved status?

Answer 13

Class- something you can bring soon yourself

Question 14

What is an ascribed status?

Answer 14

Race, ethnicity, caste not controllable

Question 15

What is mechanical solidarity

Answer 15

Social bonding among groups that are similar (pre industrial society)

Question 16

What is organic solidarity

Answer 16

Social bonding among groups with different abilities and resources (industrial society)

Question 17

What is meritocratic individualism

Answer 17

Rewards go to those who deserve them

Question 18

Describe class?

Answer 18

• refers to persons position in society defined in economic terms
• can be very mobile over life course
• class relation often based on conflict and control resources
• Class and status don’t always match
• class can be both ascribed and achieved

Question 19

What is ethnicity?

Answer 19

A shared sense of historical group identity on some grounds and set of relations to other groups

Question 20

What is objectification

Answer 20

The intentional construction of a collective public identity; it is the process that produces what we commonly think of ethnicity

Question 21

What is reification

Answer 21

A form of negotiable racial or ethic absolutism that encourages the violent elimination of targeted groups and is central to the practice of racism

Question 22

What is caste

Answer 22

-A ranked group, determined by birth, often linked to particular occupation

Question 23

What is Jajmani service

Answer 23

Patron-client relationship among different classes

Question 24

What is a civil society?

Answer 24

Organized force by members of society that works in between the state and the family in order to advance common interests values, or identity’s