Chapter 6 Kinship And Domestic Life Flashcards
What is kinship?
Kinship is the complex system of culturally defined social relationships based on marriage (the principle of affinity) and birth ( the principle of consanguinity)
What are the functions of kinship?
- continuation of a group
- where group members should live
- maintaining social order
- kin groups provide support and structure for production etc
- social positions passed through successtion and inheritance
Why is kinship a system?
- connected to social and cultural norms of society
- social economic and political rules are also connected to kinship systems
- children’s personality,marriage options and responsibility are shaped by kinship
What is a diagram, genealogy and six-terminological naming system
- diagram: systematic way of presenting data on the kinship relations of an individual called “ego”
- genealogy: diagram tracing descent of ego to common ancestor
- six: first cultural groups to be studied based on their kinship genealogy
What are the three ways of being kin?
- descent system
- sharing
- marriage
What is descent
- The tracing of kinship relationship through parentage
- descent creates a line of people from whom someone is defended through history
What are the types of decent
- bilateral descent: descent group formed by people that are believe they are related to other people through there mothers and fathers equally and simultaneously
- unilineal descent: link throug either a father or mother
What percent of the worlds cultures is unilineal descent system and what societies are they most associated with
- 60%
- pastoral, horticulture, and agriculture modes of production
What are the three types of unilineal descent
- patrilineal descent
- matrilineal descent
- double descent
What is lineage
A localized group that is based on unilineal descent that usually has some corporate powers
What’s a clan?
They believe that they all descended from a common ancestor
Describe bilateral descent
- descent is traced equally from both mother and father
- married couple live away from their parents
- inheritance is allocated equally between siblings
- dominant in foraging and industrial societies
What are some example of exchanges during a wedding?
- dowry and groom price
- bride price bride wealth
- bride-service
What are the rules of exclusions in marriage
- incests taboos
- rule prohibiting marriage or sexual intercourse between certain kinship relations
- bride exchange
What is monogamy, polygamy
- mono: a marriage pattern pattern in which a person may be married to only one person at a time
- poly: marriage with more than one person at a time (polygyny multiple wives, polyandry multiple husbands)
Define hypergyny, hypogeny, isogamy
Hyper- groom higher status than bride
Hypo- female marries down
ISO- equal
What are the 4 marital residences?
- neolocality- new location not near anyone’s kin
- patrillocality -near grooms kin
- matrilocality- near or with wife’s kin
- avunculocqlity- with or near grooms mothers brother
What’s the difference between conjugal family and non conjugal family?
Conjugal is family based at minimum spousal pair and children where non conjugal is single mother or father
What is a nuclear family? Extended family? Joint family? Blended family?
Nuclear: two parents and unmarried children
Extended: three generations living together
Joint: brother and wife’s or opposite living together
Blended: family created when previously divorced or widowed and bring children together
Define household
A group of people who may or may not be related by kinship who share living space
