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Genetics > Chapter 7 - Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

dioecious

A

plant species in which each individual is only one sex

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2
Q

monecious

A

plant species in which individuals are both sexes

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3
Q

gonochoric

A

animal species in which each individual is only one sex

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4
Q

diploid _____ produce ____ by meiosis

A

sporophytes; spores

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5
Q

haploid _____ produce _____ by mitosis

A

gametophytes; gametes

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6
Q

protenor mode

A

XX/XO
XO= male

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7
Q

lygaeus mode

A

XX/XY
XY= male

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8
Q

homogametic

A

sex that has one type of sex chromosome

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9
Q

heterogametic

A

two different types of sex chromosomes

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10
Q

monosomy

A

missing a chromosome
2n-1

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11
Q

trisomy

A

have an extra chromosome
2n+1

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12
Q

aneuploidy

A

variation in chromosome number

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13
Q

nondisjunction

A

failure of paired homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis

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14
Q

klinefelter syndrome

A

XXY (extra X)
poor development of male characteristics

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15
Q

Turner syndrome

A

X (missing)
poor ovarian development, short stature

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16
Q

pseudoautosomal region (PAR)

A

where X & Y interact in meiosis

17
Q

male specific region (MSY)

A

genes specific to Y

18
Q

sex determining region Y (SRY)

A

controls male sexual development, encodes TDF

19
Q

testis-determining factor

A

causes formation of testes

20
Q

regions of MSY

A

x-transposed region, x-degenerative region, ampliconic region

21
Q

primary human sex ratio

A

1:1
males conceived/females conceived

22
Q

secondary human sex ratio

A

favors male because it is males born/females born

23
Q

tertiary human sex ratio

A

1:1
age 20+ years

24
Q

barr body

A

inactivation of one X in females

25
Q

lyon hypothesis

A

inactivation of the X chromosome occurs randomly, express either maternal or paternal X

26
Q

example of Lyon Hypothesis

A

calico cats

27
Q

sex is determined by _____ in Drosophila

A

autosomes

28
Q

______ determines sex in reptiles

A

temperature

Genetics (5 decks)

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