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Am. & the World 1 > Chapter 7, Section 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 7, Section 1 Flashcards

1
Q

When was Alaska bought?

A

1867

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2
Q

Who was responsible for buying Alaska?

A

William Seward

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3
Q

Who was William Seward?

A
  • Andrew Johnson’s Secretary of State
  • he saw potential for resources such as timber, fur, and metal
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4
Q

Who sold Alaska and for much?

A

Russia- 7.2mil -> pennies/acre -> paid for itself with gold and oil

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5
Q

What was Alaska nicknamed before discovering the resources?

A

“Seward’s Folly” or “Seward’s Icebox”

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6
Q

2 reasons why the United States purchase Alaska

A

-wanted to keep Russia out of North America
-for expansion

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7
Q

4 reasons why countries colonize

A

-“the white man’s burden”
-expand
-trade
-military (navies can refuel)

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8
Q

What is imperialism?

A

getting into the political affairs of other countries (ex. colonizing)

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9
Q

Major nations at this time

A

Great Britain, Germany, France, Belgium, Japan, etc.

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10
Q

What is “the white man’s burden”?

A

the idea that countries where their population isn’t white are not capable of governing themselves

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11
Q

What is the Open Door Policy?

A

all countries should have equal trading rights in China

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12
Q

What did the Boxer Rebellion (1900) do?

A

their were anti-foreigners who targeted and killed merchants and missonaries

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13
Q

When was Hawaii first “discovered”?

A

1778 by Captain James Cook (British explorer), called it Sandwich Islands-> didn’t ‘claim’ only made world aware of it

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14
Q

Who united the 8 major Hawaiian Islands and created the Hawaiian monarchy?

A

Chief Kamehameha

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15
Q

What did Chief Kamehameha also accomplish?

A

started trade in sandalwood

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16
Q

When did the U.S. started trading with Hawaii?

A

1820s

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17
Q

Affects the U.S. had on Hawaii

A

-ships brought traders and missionaries
-missionaries from New England
-wanted to convert the Hawaiian natives
-settled and began to raise crops like sugar cane
-brought diseases which Hawaiians had no immunity
-population of Hawaii went from 300,000 (1700s) to 40,000 (1893)

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18
Q

Sugarcane Industry in Hawaii

A

-controlled/owned by Americans
-became very wealthy
-very labor intensive
-requires a lot of land (plantations), irrigation, cutting, boiling
-imported workers from China, Japan, Philippines because few Hawaiians left

19
Q

King Kalakaua’s opinion of America’s hold in Hawaii

A

-resented American economic control of the islands
-wanted to put it back in Hawaiian control
-created problems with the American leaders, plantation owners

20
Q

What did King Kalakaua’s opinion of America lead to?

A

-started the Hawaiian League
-purpose was to overthrow the king and establish
a democracy under the control of Americans
-wanted Pearl Harbor; Kalakaua refused
-became angry and forced him to sign the
bayonet constitution

21
Q

What was the Bayonet Constitution?

A

-restricted Kalakaua’s power
-Hawaiians lost right to vote
-gave Pearl Harbor to United States

22
Q

When did King Kalakaua die?

A

1891

23
Q

Who took over for King Kalakaua?

A

his sister Liliuokalani

24
Q

Liliuokalani’s opinion of the Bayonet Constitution

A

-wanted to do away with bayonet constitution
-1893 announced her plan to restore Hawaiian power

25
Q

What did Liliuokalani’s opinion of the Bayonet Constitution lead to?

A

-business leaders plotted to overthrow her
-wanted the islands to be a territory of the United States

26
Q

Who was John Stevens?

A

American minister to Hawaii

27
Q

What did John Stevens do?

A

-decided to help sugar planters
-ordered 4 boatloads of Marines to go ashore
-surrounded national palace with cannons and machine guns
-Liliuokalani forced to surrender (January 17, 1893)

28
Q

Did John Stevens have any authority to order Marines into Hawaii?

A

No

29
Q

What did the sugar planters do after Liliuokalani surrendered?

A

formed new regime w/ Sanford B. Dole as president

30
Q

With absolutely no right nor authority, what else did John Stevens do?

A

-recognized the new Republic of Hawaii
-proclaimed Hawaii under U.S. protection

31
Q

Who was president at the time of Hawaii’s annexation?

A

Grover Cleveland

32
Q

Cleveland’s opinion of the annexation?

A

-President Grover Cleveland troubled by events
-ordered an investigation
-report against the sugar planters and recommended restoring Liliuokalani
-Cleveland agreed but Dole refused to step down
-Cleveland not willing to use military force to back her but did not support annexation either
-remained at a standstill during his presidency

33
Q

Who was president after Cleveland?

A

MicKinely

34
Q

McKinely’s opinion of the annexation?

A

-McKinley favored annexation
-Congress voted for annexation in 1898
-became U.S. territory
-became state in 1959

35
Q

When did Congress formally apologize for what they did to Hawaii?

A

-Congress in 1993 apologized for the U.S. role in overthrowing Liliuokalani

36
Q

China carved out spheres of influence of trade with what countries?

A

Russia, France, Germany, Great Britain and Japan (the USA felt left out)

37
Q

How did America gain trading rights in China?

A

-Secretary of State John Hay proposed the Open Door Policy

38
Q

Who did the US pressure into opening up ports for trade?

A

Japan

39
Q

What did Commodore Matthew Perry do?

A

-took fleet of ships to force open trade (1853)
-Japan not industrialized; in awe of the steamships

40
Q

What did Japan do after receiving a visit from Matthew Perry?

A

-began massive modernization (society and military)
-became imperialistic

41
Q

What two countries wanted Korea and Mucheria?

A

Russia and Japan

42
Q

What did the conflict between Russia and Japan lead to? Who was the expected winner?

A

Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) and Russia was expected to win

43
Q

What was the outcome of the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)?

A

-took a heavy toll
-asked for help with a treaty
-Theodore Roosevelt (won Nobel Peace Prize for it)
-Treaty of Portsmouth (1905-New Hampshire)
-Japan won war
-U.S. became nervous over Japanese expansion

44
Q

What did America do to ensure their dominance over Japan?

A

Great White Fleet (1907-1909)
-Rear Admiral Charles Sperry
-stopped at 20 ports on 6 continents (43,000
miles)
-sure to stop in Japan

Am. & the World 1 (7 decks)

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