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Am. & the World 1 > Chapter 6, Section 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 6, Section 3 Flashcards

1
Q

How did Roosevelt come to be the president?

A

He took over after William McKinley was assinated

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2
Q

Who shot William McKinley?

A

Leon Czolgosz (chol-gosh) while pretending to shake hands with McKinley

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3
Q

Where was McKinley shot?

A

Pan-American expo in Buffalo, NY

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4
Q

When was McKinley shot and when did he die?

A

shot on 09/06/1901, died on the fourteenth

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5
Q

Who was Leon Czolgosz?

A
  • anarchist (wide movement around the world in this time period)
  • tried and executed for murder i October of 1901
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6
Q

Age of Theodore Roosevelt when he took office

A

42 years old- youngest to take office at this time

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7
Q

What set him apart from previous presidents?

A
  • was very young
  • took a hands on approach
  • tried to solve coal strike (no military involvement)
  • known for toothy grin
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8
Q

What does bully pulpit mean?

A

where a person uses their position to get their message/point across
all modern day presidents use this (ex. Trump tweeting)

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9
Q

What did Roosevelt stand for?

A
  • progressivism
    • end of child labor
    • wanted suffrage
    • wanted to clean up the
      government
    • prohibition
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10
Q

What was Roosevelt’s childhood like?

A
  • sickly (had asthma)
  • stayed inside and read a lot
  • became in involved in sports as a teenager
  • came from wealthy New York family
  • both wife and mother died when he was 26
    -went to Dakota Territory and
    worked on his ranch
    -returned to politics 2 years
    later
  • was a “people person”
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11
Q

What was the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902?

A

-May 12, 1902
-150,000 miners went on strike in eastern PA
-United Miners Workers of America (UMWA)

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12
Q

3 reasons why the coal miners went on strike in 1902

A

-wanted higher wages
-wanted shorter hours
-wanted recognition of their union

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13
Q

What did people fear would happen when the strike continued?

A

They were afraid it would cause a national disaster

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14
Q

What happened when Roosevelt pushed for the use of an arbitrator?

A

Union agreed, owners did not

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15
Q

What three things happened when Roosevelt threatened to take over the mines?

A

-owners agreed to arbitration
-workers got shorter work week and higher pay
-did not have to recognize union

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16
Q

What three things happened when Roosevelt threatened to take over the mines?

A

-owners agreed to arbitration
-workers got shorter work week and higher pay
-did not have to recognize union

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17
Q

Why was this strike momentous?

A

It was the1st time that the gov’t. stepped in to protect the interests of the workers and public.

18
Q

Three areas that Square Deal focused on…

A

-limiting the power of the monopolies
-promoting public health and safety
-improving working conditions

19
Q

What was Roosevelt’s social program called?

A

Square Deal

20
Q

Who were the two candidates in the election of 1904? Who won?

A

-Theodore Roosevelt (R)
-Alton Parker (D)
-landslide victory for Roosevelt

21
Q

Roosevelt’s quote regarding the Square Deal

A

“I promise to see that each is given a square deal, because he is entitled to no more and should receive no less.”

22
Q

What was Roosevelt’s opinion regarding large businesses and monopolies?

A

He believed that big businesses were important to the country’s growth but believed companies should behave responsibly

23
Q

In 1901 these three men joined their railroads together?

A

J.P. Morgan, James Hill and E. H. Harriman

24
Q

What was the name of the new, combined railroad in 1901?

A

Northern Securities Company

25
Q

Why did Roosevelt have the U.S. Attorney General sue the Northern Securities Company?

A

for breaking the Sherman Antitrust act

26
Q

What was the ruling of the court case dealing with the Northern Securities Company?

A

Supreme Court ruled against NSC and ordered it to be broken up

27
Q

What were the “bad” trusts?

A

-were not in the public interest
-sold inferior products, competed unfairly,
-corrupted public officials

28
Q

Why did railroads need regulated?

A

-railroads commonly gave best customers discounts
-big corporations paid less to ship their goods than smaller companies (farms suffered)

29
Q

What was the Elkins Act of 1903?

A

-prohibited railroads from accepting rebates (discounts)

30
Q

What was the Hepburn Act of 1906?

A

-strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) by giving it the power to
-set maximum railroad rates
-regulate companies involved in interstate commerce

31
Q

Stupid, weird, gross things companies thought were ok to do in the early 1900s

A

-add formaldehyde to (rotten) eggs to hide odor
-adding saw dust to bread (in place of flour)
-candy coloring was toxic
-some medicines mostly contained heroin or opium (doctors were kinda dumb)

32
Q

What gross, appalling book did Mr. Upton Sinclair write that made everyone realize how much rat poo and poison they were eating?

A

The Jungle

33
Q

What two acts were prompted by the Jungle?

A

-Meat Inspection Act of 1906
-Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

34
Q

What was the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906?

A

-forbid the manufacture, sale, distribution of food and patent medicine with harmful ingredients
-required food and medicine containers to have accurate labels

35
Q

What was the Meat Inspection Act of 1906?

A
  • required federal inspection of meat shipped across state lines
36
Q

Roosevelt believed in conservation… What is conservation?

A

regulated the use of natural resources

37
Q

Who was John Muir and what was his opinion?

A

a tree hugger who wanted federal reserves and land to be protected from the industry

38
Q

In what ways did the people of the 1800s demonstrate natural resources being unlimited?

A

-lumber companies cleared large amounts of land (w/o replanting trees)
-farmers plowed up the Great Plains (dust bowl)
-ranchers overgrazed the prairies
-mining companies polluted rivers and created soil erosion
-cities polluted rivers and created garbage dumps

39
Q

How did Roosevelt’s and Muir’s opinion differ when it comes to the environment?

A

Basically… Muir believed in preserving national parks, Roosevelt believed the same thing, but thought there should be a road paved for economical benefit

40
Q

What was the Newland’s Reclamation Act of 1902

A

-irrigation projects in the West to make the land productive
-established the U.S. Forest Service
-Gifford Pinchot became chief of it
-added almost 150 million acres to the national forests

41
Q

What was the Antiquities Act of 1906?

A

-protected all historic and prehistoric sites on federal land
-cannot excavate without a permit

Am. & the World 1 (7 decks)

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