Chapter 6, Section 2 Flashcards
What was higher education like for women?
- usually not an option
- Oberlin College 1833 (for college to allow for women to join)
- middle or upper classes
- professional opportunities denied
- many women turned to reforms
What were employment opportunities like for educated women?
- teachers, nurses originally
- became bookkeepers, typists, shop clerks
- newspapers and magazines began to hire
Lillian Wald
- end child labor, promote children’s education
- campaigned for gov’t. agency
- Federal Children’s Bureau (1912)
Prohibition
- prohibited the making, selling and distributing of alcohol
- reformers believed that alcohol was responsible for crime, poverty and violence toward women and children
Who led the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)?
Frances Willard
What groups were against alcohol?
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) and Anti-Saloon League
First territory to allow women to vote
Wyoming
Billy Sunday
- ex-baseball player
- preached against the evils of drinking
Carry Nation
- went into saloons with a Bible in one hand and a hatchet in the other
- in Kansas
- became national figure
18th Amendment
- prohibited the manufacture, sale and distribution of alcoholic beverages
- passed by Congress December 18, 1917
- ratified by the states January 16, 1919
- became law January 16, 1920
Who was Ida B. Wells Bennett?
an Anti-lynching activist
What was the National Association of Colored Women against?
against poverty, segregation, lynching
Where and when did the women’s suffrage movement begin?
began in 1848 at Seneca Falls, NY
What fueled the suffrage movement in the beginning?
many angry with the 15th Amendment (1870)
gave African American males the right to vote but not women
NWSA
- National Woman Suffrage Association
- 1869
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
- wanted constitutional amendment to give women the right to vote
AWSA
- 1869
- Henry Ward Beecher
- wanted a state-by-state basis to win the right to vote
- American Women’s Suffrage Association
NAWSA
-1890
-Elizabeth Cady Stanton 1st president
- National American Women’s Suffrage Association
National Women’s Party
- Alice Paul and Lucy Burns
- 1913 broke away from NAWSA
- wanted a federal constitutional amendment for women’s suffrage
- very radical
- picketed the White House, chained themselves to the White House fence, hunger strikes
Susan B. Anthony
- 1872
- Anthony and 3 of her sisters registered to vote
- voted on Election Day in Rochester, NY
-2 weeks later were arrested - At trial, could not testify on her behalf.
- found guilty and fined $100.00
- refused to pay the fine
- Hoped to be arrested and create a case that
would go through the courts
-judge did not and not able to appeal her case
1875 (Minor vs. Happersett)
- Women are citizens…HOWEVER…citizenship does not give them the right to vote!
Anti-suffrage arguments…
-interfere with duties at home
-destroy families
-did not have the education to be competent voters
-most women did not want to vote
-politics was a male world
-marriage was a sacred bond in which the entire family was represented by the male
-liquor industry felt women would vote for Prohibition
-business owners felt women would vote for regulations that would drive up business costs
