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HSCI 131 > Chapter 7-Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 7-Respiratory System Flashcards

0
Q

cartilage

A

tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments but ess dense than bone

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1
Q

caarbon dioxide (CO2)

A

tasteless, colorless, odorless gas produced b body cells during metabolism

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2
Q

cilia

A

hairlike structure

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3
Q

diffuse

A

to move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by cheical reaction or application of external forces

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4
Q

mucous membrane

A

moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to the environent; also called mucosa

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5
Q

oxygen (O2)

A

tasteless, ordorless, colorless gas essential for human respiration

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6
Q

pH

A

symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance

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7
Q

septum

A

wall dividing two cavities

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8
Q

serous membrane

A

thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secretes a fluid that keeps the membran moist; also called serosa

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9
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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10
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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11
Q

sept/o

A

septum

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12
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus, cavity

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13
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

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14
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsilss

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15
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx (throat)

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16
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

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17
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx(voice box)

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18
Q

trache/o

A

trachea (windpipe)

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19
Q

bronchi/o

A

bronchus

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20
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchus

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21
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus; air sac

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22
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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23
Q

pneum/o

pneumon/o

A

air; lung

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24
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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25
Q

anthrac/o

A

coal, coal dust

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26
Q

atel/o

A

incomplete; imperfect

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27
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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28
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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29
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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30
Q

orth/o

A

straight

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31
Q

ox/i

A

oxygen

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32
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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33
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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34
Q

steth/o

A

chest

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35
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

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36
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm; mind

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37
Q

spir/o

A

breathe

38
Q

-capnia

A

carbond dioxide

39
Q

-osmia

A

smell

40
Q

-phonia

A

voice

41
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

42
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

43
Q

-thorax

A

chest

44
Q

brady-

A

slow

45
Q

dys-

A

bad; painful; difficult

46
Q

eu-

A

good, normal

47
Q

tachy-

A

rapid

48
Q

acidosis

A

excessive acidity of body fluids

49
Q

anosmia

A

absence of the sense of smell

50
Q

apnea

A

temporary loss of breathing

51
Q

asphyxia

A

condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen

52
Q

atelectasis

A

collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung

53
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

repeated breathing patterns characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration: first deeply, then shallow, then not at all

54
Q

coryza

A

acute inflammation of the mebranes of the nose; also called head cold or upper respiratory infection (URI)

55
Q

crackle

A

abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-fille alveoli; also called rale

56
Q

croup

A

common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and, sometimes, lungss

57
Q

deviated nasal septum

A

displacement of cartiage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airfow and, sometimes, nosebleed

58
Q

epiglottitis

A

sever, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2 and 12 years old

59
Q

epistaxis

A

nasal hemorrhage; also called nosebleed

60
Q

finger clubbing

A

enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes commonly associated with pulmonary disease

61
Q

hypoxemia

A

oxygen dificiency in arterial blood; usuall a sign of respiratory impairment

62
Q

hypoxia

A

oxygen deficiency in body tissues; usually a sign of respiratory impairment

63
Q

pertussis

A

acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a ‘whoop” sound; also called whooping cough

64
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis

65
Q

pneumonoconiosis

A

disease caused by inhaling dust partcles, including coal dust (anthracosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron dust (siderosis), and abestos particles (abestosis)

66
Q

pulmonary edema

A

accummulation of extravascualr fluid in lung tissures and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure

67
Q

pulmoary embolism

A

blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot, tissue, air ubbles, and bacteria)

68
Q

rhonchus

A

abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation of an obstructed airway

69
Q

stridor

A

high-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound caused by a sapasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway

70
Q

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

A

completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than age 12 months; also called crib death

71
Q

wheeze

A

whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory pathway

72
Q

aerosol therapy

A

lung treatment using various techniues to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways

73
Q

antral lavage

A

washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material in an immunosuppressed patient or one with known sinusitis that has failed medical management

74
Q

oximetry

A

noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen. also called pulse oximetry

75
Q

polysomnography

A

test of sleep cycles and stages sing continuous recordings of brain waves (EEGs), electrical activity of muscles, eye movement, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, heart rhythm and, sometimes, direct observation of the person during sleep using a video camera

76
Q

postural drainage

A

method of positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs

77
Q

pumonary function tests (PFTs)

A

variety of tests used to evaluate respiratory function, the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane

78
Q

spirometry

A

PFT that measures he breathing capacity of the lungs, including the time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air

79
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

procedure in which a pasic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway

80
Q

pleurectomy

A

excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura

81
Q

pneumectomy

A

excision of a lung or a portion of the lung, commonly for the treatment of cancer

82
Q

septoplasty

A

surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum usually perfromed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures

83
Q

thoracentesis

A

surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted

84
Q

Mantoux test

A

intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a positive reaction where the area around the test site becomes red and swollen

85
Q

bronchoscopy

A

visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope (flexible fiberoptic or rigid) inserted through the mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures or for projection on a monitor

86
Q

laryngoscopy

A

visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities

87
Q

mediastinoscopy

A

visual examination of the mediastinal structures, including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes

88
Q

arterial bloood gas (ABG)

A

test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood

89
Q

sputum culture

A

microbial test used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonias

90
Q

sweat test

A

measurement of the amount of salt (sodium chloride) in sweat

91
Q

throat culture

A

test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci

92
Q

computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)

A

minimally invasive imaging that combines computed tomography scanning and angiography to produce images of the pulmonary arteries

93
Q

ventilation-perfusion (V-Q) scan

A

nuclear test scan that evaluates both airflow (ventilation) and blood flow (perfusion) in the lungs for evidence of a blood clot in the lungs; also called V-Q lung scan

HSCI 131 (4 decks)

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