Chapter 7-Respiratory System Flashcards
0
Q
cartilage
A
tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments but ess dense than bone
1
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caarbon dioxide (CO2)
A
tasteless, colorless, odorless gas produced b body cells during metabolism
2
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cilia
A
hairlike structure
3
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diffuse
A
to move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by cheical reaction or application of external forces
4
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mucous membrane
A
moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to the environent; also called mucosa
5
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oxygen (O2)
A
tasteless, ordorless, colorless gas essential for human respiration
6
Q
pH
A
symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance
7
Q
septum
A
wall dividing two cavities
8
Q
serous membrane
A
thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secretes a fluid that keeps the membran moist; also called serosa
9
Q
nas/o
A
nose
10
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rhin/o
A
nose
11
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sept/o
A
septum
12
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sinus/o
A
sinus, cavity
13
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adenoid/o
A
adenoids
14
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tonsill/o
A
tonsilss
15
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pharyng/o
A
pharynx (throat)
16
Q
epiglott/o
A
epiglottis
17
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laryng/o
A
larynx(voice box)
18
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trache/o
A
trachea (windpipe)
19
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bronchi/o
A
bronchus
20
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bronch/o
A
bronchus
21
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alveol/o
A
alveolus; air sac
22
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pleur/o
A
pleura
23
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pneum/o
pneumon/o
A
air; lung
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pulmon/o
lung
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anthrac/o
coal, coal dust
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atel/o
incomplete; imperfect
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coni/o
dust
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cyan/o
blue
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lob/o
lobe
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orth/o
straight
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ox/i
oxygen
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ox/o
oxygen
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pector/o
chest
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steth/o
chest
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thorac/o
chest
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phren/o
diaphragm; mind
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spir/o
breathe
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-capnia
carbond dioxide
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-osmia
smell
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-phonia
voice
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-pnea
breathing
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-ptysis
spitting
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-thorax
chest
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brady-
slow
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dys-
bad; painful; difficult
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eu-
good, normal
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tachy-
rapid
48
acidosis
excessive acidity of body fluids
49
anosmia
absence of the sense of smell
50
apnea
temporary loss of breathing
51
asphyxia
condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen
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atelectasis
collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung
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Cheyne-Stokes respiration
repeated breathing patterns characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration: first deeply, then shallow, then not at all
54
coryza
acute inflammation of the mebranes of the nose; also called head cold or upper respiratory infection (URI)
55
crackle
abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-fille alveoli; also called rale
56
croup
common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and, sometimes, lungss
57
deviated nasal septum
displacement of cartiage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airfow and, sometimes, nosebleed
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epiglottitis
sever, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2 and 12 years old
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epistaxis
nasal hemorrhage; also called nosebleed
60
finger clubbing
enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes commonly associated with pulmonary disease
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hypoxemia
oxygen dificiency in arterial blood; usuall a sign of respiratory impairment
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hypoxia
oxygen deficiency in body tissues; usually a sign of respiratory impairment
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pertussis
acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a 'whoop" sound; also called whooping cough
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pleurisy
inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis
65
pneumonoconiosis
disease caused by inhaling dust partcles, including coal dust (anthracosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron dust (siderosis), and abestos particles (abestosis)
66
pulmonary edema
accummulation of extravascualr fluid in lung tissures and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure
67
pulmoary embolism
blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot, tissue, air ubbles, and bacteria)
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rhonchus
abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation of an obstructed airway
69
stridor
high-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound caused by a sapasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway
70
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than age 12 months; also called crib death
71
wheeze
whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory pathway
72
aerosol therapy
lung treatment using various techniues to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways
73
antral lavage
washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material in an immunosuppressed patient or one with known sinusitis that has failed medical management
74
oximetry
noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen. also called pulse oximetry
75
polysomnography
test of sleep cycles and stages sing continuous recordings of brain waves (EEGs), electrical activity of muscles, eye movement, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, heart rhythm and, sometimes, direct observation of the person during sleep using a video camera
76
postural drainage
method of positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs
77
pumonary function tests (PFTs)
variety of tests used to evaluate respiratory function, the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane
78
spirometry
PFT that measures he breathing capacity of the lungs, including the time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air
79
endotracheal intubation
procedure in which a pasic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway
80
pleurectomy
excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura
81
pneumectomy
excision of a lung or a portion of the lung, commonly for the treatment of cancer
82
septoplasty
surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum usually perfromed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures
83
thoracentesis
surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted
84
Mantoux test
intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a positive reaction where the area around the test site becomes red and swollen
85
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope (flexible fiberoptic or rigid) inserted through the mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures or for projection on a monitor
86
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities
87
mediastinoscopy
visual examination of the mediastinal structures, including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes
88
arterial bloood gas (ABG)
test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood
89
sputum culture
microbial test used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonias
90
sweat test
measurement of the amount of salt (sodium chloride) in sweat
91
throat culture
test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci
92
computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)
minimally invasive imaging that combines computed tomography scanning and angiography to produce images of the pulmonary arteries
93
ventilation-perfusion (V-Q) scan
nuclear test scan that evaluates both airflow (ventilation) and blood flow (perfusion) in the lungs for evidence of a blood clot in the lungs; also called V-Q lung scan
