CHAPTER 7: PREVENTING PREGNANCY Flashcards
COMMON WAYS OF PREVENTING PREGNANCY
Preventing ovulation or killing the sperms (contraceptives)
Preventing sperm from reaching the egg in the fallopian tube (contraceptives)
Preventing the fertilized egg from implanting in the uterine wall (abortifacients)
These methods are interventions which
suppress the generative functions which may or may not leave the reproductive glands intact
PREVENTING OVULATION OR
KILLING THE SPERMS
(CONTRACEPTIVES)
stimulates natural
hormones which prevent ovulation; also provides 98% contraceptive protection
for up to 6 months after delivery, provided that there is little or no supplemental feeding
BREASTFEEDING
Breastfeeding also
provides ____ contraceptive protection for up to ___ months after delivery
98% , 6 months
The hormones _________ and
___________ administered as pills, injections and skin implants stop the ovaries from releasing eggs.
estrogen and progesterone
Purpose of administered as pills, injections and skin implants is to?
stop the ovaries from releasing eggs.
achieves permanent sterility (an infertile state) by removing the reproductive organs; may be considered a form of
mutilation.
SURGICAL CASTRATION
such as gels, creams, or
suppositories inserted into the vagina kill the sperms
SPERMICIDES
surgical procedure that
cuts the vas deferens of men , blocking the pathway of the sperms and preventing their release when man ejaculates; a method of permanent contraception
VASECTOMY
Why gels, creams or suppositories is inserted into the vagina?
to kill the sperms
sheaths, often made of
latex, worn over the erect penis during intercourse. They trap the ejaculate with the sperms it contains; prevent pregnancy in approximately 85% of the
time if used correctly
CONDOMS
induce an inflammatory reaction which kills the
sperms as they enter the female genital tract.
INTRAUTERINE DEVICES (IUDs)
prevent pregnancy in approximately _____ of the
time if used correctly
85%
has published that the consistent and correct use of condoms can greatly reduce but not completely eliminate the risk of STD, including HIV transmission
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Some sources say that condoms are less effective in preventing the transmission of AIDS because they have holes of approximately __ microns. The sperms are more than ___ microns in diameter but the HIV virus is ____ micron
5 MICRONS
5 MICRONS
0.1 MICRON
a surgical procedure
that cuts the fallopian tube, blocking the pathway of the egg from the ovaries and the sperm from the uterus so no fertilization can occur
TUBAL LIGATION
are cuplike structures covering the vagina or lower uterine orifices to obstruct the
entrance of the sperm.
DIAPHRAGM AND CERVICAL CAP
thicken the mucus in the vagina and the lower uterus to prevent the sperm from
reaching the egg.
PROGESTERONE HORMONES
WHY Progesterone hormones thicken the mucus in the vagina and the lower uterus
to prevent the sperm from
reaching the egg.
also known as withdrawal
method, refers to the pulling out of the penis before ejaculation. This method is not totally effective as some semen may already be secreted into the vagina before actual ejaculation.
INTERRUPTED INTERCOURSE (COITUS INTERRUPTUS)
may be considered both as
contraceptive and an abortifacient. These are artificial structures inserted
into the uterus that increase uterine contractions to prevent implantation
INTRAUTERINE DEVICES (IUDs)
keep the lining of the uterus thin to make it difficult for the embryo to implant
HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES
Another manner of abortion is by
dislodging implanted egg or embryo
Hormonal contraceptives may cause side effects that include
tumors
cardiovascular
blood
lung
gallbladder disease
weight gain
depression or mood disturbances;
nausea
menstrual disturbances;
decreased sexual desire or response;
acne
breast tenderness..
