chapter 7 (particulate nature of matter) secondary 1

Question 1

What are the properties of solids?

Answer 1

1. Have a definite shape
2. Have a definite volume
3. Cannot be compressed

Question 2

What are the properties of liquid?

Answer 2

1. Have a definite volume
2. No definite shape
3. Cannot be compressed

Question 3

What are the properties of gas?

Answer 3

1. Have no definite shape
2. Have no definite volume
3. Can be compressed

Question 4

What is matter?

Answer 4

Matter is anything that mass and takes up space.

Question 5

How are the particles in a solid arranged? How do they vibrate? How are they held together?

Answer 5

They are arranged very closely packed in an orderly manner, and have little space between them (cannot be compressed) . They vibrate about their fixed positions, and are held by very strong forces of attraction.

Question 6

How are the particles in a liquid arranged? How do they move? How are they held together?

Answer 6

Closely packed in a disorderly manner, and there is little space between the particles for them to move closer together. They move randomly and slide past one another. The particles are held together by strong forces of attraction.

Question 7

How are the particles in a gas arranged? How do they move? How are they held together?

Answer 7

The particles in a gas are far apart and arranged in a disorderly manner. There is a lot of space between the particles (no definite shape/volume). They move randomly and quickly. They are held together by weak forces of attraction.

Question 8

What happens when a substance in a solid shape is heated?

Answer 8

It particles gains energy (from the heat), vibrate more vigorously, and the distance between them increases. and expands (volume of the substances increase).

Question 9

What happens when a substance in the solid state is cooled down?

Answer 9

Its particles lose energy (lose heat to the cold), vibrate less vigorously, and the distance between the particles decrease. This will make the volume of the substance to decrease. The substance will contract.

Question 10

What is diffusion?

Answer 10

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a HIGHER concentration to a LOWER concentration.

Question 11

What is osmosis?

Answer 11

Osmosis is the net movement of particles from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential. (via a permeable membrane)

Question 12

What does it mean when a substance has a high water potential?

Answer 12

It means that it is more pure.

Question 13

What does it mean when a substance has a low water potential?

Answer 13

This means the substance is not extremely pure.

Question 14

What is a turgid cell?

Answer 14

Turgid cells are when water enters the plant cell via the process of osmosis. The vacuole will swell up and push against the cell, and will the cell will appear to be thus swollen.

Question 15

What is a flaccid cell?

Answer 15

Flaccid cells are when water is lost from the cell leading to the shrinking of the vacuole and the cell losing its shape.