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Pathology Exam 3 > Chapter 7 - part 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Tumors of soft tissues

A

Tumors of fat
Tumors of nerve tissue
Tumors of muscle
Tumors of blood vessels (vascular)

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2
Q

A benign tumor of mature fat cells

A

Lipoma

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3
Q

Clinical appearance of lipoma and where it occurs

A

A yellowish mass surrounded by a thin layer of epithelium

Most commonly located on the buccal mucosa and the vestibule

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4
Q

Lipoma mostly occurs in individuals over the age

A

40

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5
Q

The two tumors of the nerve tissue that look the same

A

Neurofibroma and schwannoma

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6
Q

Benign tumors derived from Schwann cells in nerve tissue

A

Neurofibroma and shwannoma

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7
Q

Common place for neurofibroma and schwannoma

A

The tongue is the most common intraoral location

May occur at any age with no sex predilection

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8
Q

Neurofibromatosis

A

Multiple neurofibromas on the skin, in internal organs, and within bone.
Malignant tumors are reported to rise in 5% of individuals with this disorder

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9
Q

Tumors of muscle

A

Rhabdomyoma and leiomyoma

Extremely uncommon in the oral cavity

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10
Q

Rhabdomyoma

A

A benign tumor of striated muscle

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11
Q

Leiomyoma

A

A benign tumor of smooth muscle

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12
Q

Vascular tumors

A

Hemangioma
Lymphangioma
Malignant vascular tumors

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13
Q

A benign proliferation of capillaries, considered to be a developmental lesion

A

Hemangioma

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14
Q

Capillary hemangioma

A

Contains numerous small capillaries

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15
Q

Cavernous hemangioma

A

Contains larger blood vessels

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16
Q

Hemangioma

A

Most are present at birth
More than half the occur develop in the head and neck region
Tongue is the most common intraoral location

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17
Q

A benign tumor of lymphatic vessels

A

Lymphangioma

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18
Q

Lymphangioma

A

Most are present at birth
Less common then hemangiomas
Half arise in the head and neck area
No sex predilection

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19
Q

Most common place for lymphangioma

A

Intraorally, the most common location is the tongue where it is an ill-defined mass with a pebbly surface

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20
Q

Malignant vascular tumors

A

Kaposi sarcoma a malignant vascular tumor may arise in multiple sites, including the skin and oral mucosa

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21
Q

Kaposi sarcoma and HIV

A

Lesions are often seen in the oral cavity as purple merciless, plaques, or exophytic tumors
Most commonly on hard palate and gingiva
May also occur in patients with other forms of immunodeficiency

22
Q

Tumors of melanin-producing cells

A

Melanotic nevi

Malignant melanoma

23
Q

Benign tumor of melanocytes called nervus cells

A

Melanocytic nevus

24
Q

Melanocytic nevus

A

Can arise on the skin or the oral mucosa
Intraoral tumors consist of tan-to-brown macules or papules
Can be malignant

25
Q

Where does melanocytic nevus most often occur

A

Hard palate or buccal mucosa

26
Q

Assessing pigmented lesions

A 
Asymmetric shape
Borders irregular
Color
Diameter- greater than 6 mm
Evolving
27
Q

A malignant tumor of melanocytes

A

Malignant melanoma

28
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Most arise on the skin in response to prolonged sun exposure to sunlight
Usually a rapidly enlarging blue-to-black mass
An aggressive tumor with unpredictable behavior and early metatasis

29
Q

Where is malignant melanoma location in mouth

A

Most common intraoral locations are the palate and maxillary gingiva
usually occurs in adults over 40 years of age

30
Q

Tumors of bone and cartilage

A

Osteoma
Osteosarcoma
Tumors of cartilage

31
Q

An asymptomatic benign tumor composed of normal compact bone

A

Osteoma

32
Q

Osteoma radiographically

A

Appears as either a sharply delineated radiopaque mass within bone (endosteal) or attached to the outer surface of bone (periosteal)

33
Q

Osteoma

A

Most common location within the jaws is posterior mandible

Multiple osteomas are a component of Gardner syndrome

34
Q

A malignant tumor of bone-forming tissue

A

Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)

35
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

The most common primary malignant tumor of bone in patients less than 40 years of age
The average age of patients with osteosarcoma involving the jaws is about 37 years
Occurs twice as frequently in mandible as maxilla
Most common in males

36
Q

Osteosarcoma radiographically

A

Sunburst pattern

37
Q

Tumors of cartilage

A

Chondroma: A benign tumor of cartilage
Chondrosarcoma: A malignant tumor of cartilage

38
Q

Tumors of blood forming tissues

A

Leukemia
Lymphoma
Multiple myeloma

39
Q

A broad group of disorders characterized by an overproduction of atypical white blood cells in the bone marrow that enter the circulating blood and tissues

A

Leukemia

40
Q

The types of leukemia are classified according to the types of WBCs that are proliferating

A

Myleocytes, lymphocytes, or monocytes

41
Q

Acute leukemia

A

Most common in children and young adults

Proliferation of immature white blood cells

42
Q

Chronic leukemia

A

Most frequently occurs in middle-aged adults

Excess proliferation of mature white blood cells

43
Q

A malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue

A

Lymphoma

44
Q

Lymphoma

A

Clinical presentation: Gradual enlargement of lymph nodes
The most common intraoral location is the tonsils
Usually occurs in adults
More common in males than females

45
Q

A systemic, malignant proliferation of plasma cells

A

Multiple myeloma

46
Q

Waldeyers ring

A

Formed by lymphatic tissue

Lingual tonsils, palatine tonsils, Adnoids, Tubal tonsils

47
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

Causes destructive lesions in bone
Most patients are over 40; most commonly in the seventh decade of life
The neoplastic plasma cells produce large ammounts of immunoglobulin
Punched out appearance

48
Q

Radiographic appearance of multiple myeloma

A

Multiple radiolucent lesions

The mandible is affected more often than in the maxilla

49
Q

With multiple myeloma patients may have fragments of immunoglobulins in their urine known as

A

Bence Jones proteins

50
Q

Localized tumor of plasma cells in soft tissue

A

Extramedullary plasmacytoma

51
Q

Metastic tumors

A

Most arise from the thyroid, breast, lungs, prostate gland, and kidneys
Most frequent intraoral site is the mandible

52
Q

Radiographically appearance of metastic tumors

A

Lesions are poorly defined and radiolucent
Roots of involved teeth may show a spiked appearance
Some tumors may form bone and be radiopaque

Pathology Exam 3 (6 decks)

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