Chapter 7 - part 3

Question 1

Tumors of soft tissues

Answer 1

Tumors of fat
Tumors of nerve tissue
Tumors of muscle
Tumors of blood vessels (vascular)

Question 2

A benign tumor of mature fat cells

Answer 2

Lipoma

Question 3

Clinical appearance of lipoma and where it occurs

Answer 3

A yellowish mass surrounded by a thin layer of epithelium

Most commonly located on the buccal mucosa and the vestibule

Question 4

Lipoma mostly occurs in individuals over the age

Answer 4

40

Question 5

The two tumors of the nerve tissue that look the same

Answer 5

Neurofibroma and schwannoma

Question 6

Benign tumors derived from Schwann cells in nerve tissue

Answer 6

Neurofibroma and shwannoma

Question 7

Common place for neurofibroma and schwannoma

Answer 7

The tongue is the most common intraoral location

May occur at any age with no sex predilection

Question 8

Neurofibromatosis

Answer 8

Multiple neurofibromas on the skin, in internal organs, and within bone.
Malignant tumors are reported to rise in 5% of individuals with this disorder

Question 9

Tumors of muscle

Answer 9

Rhabdomyoma and leiomyoma

Extremely uncommon in the oral cavity

Question 10

Rhabdomyoma

Answer 10

A benign tumor of striated muscle

Question 11

Leiomyoma

Answer 11

A benign tumor of smooth muscle

Question 12

Vascular tumors

Answer 12

Hemangioma
Lymphangioma
Malignant vascular tumors

Question 13

A benign proliferation of capillaries, considered to be a developmental lesion

Answer 13

Hemangioma

Question 14

Capillary hemangioma

Answer 14

Contains numerous small capillaries

Question 15

Cavernous hemangioma

Answer 15

Contains larger blood vessels

Question 16

Hemangioma

Answer 16

Most are present at birth
More than half the occur develop in the head and neck region
Tongue is the most common intraoral location

Question 17

A benign tumor of lymphatic vessels

Answer 17

Lymphangioma

Question 18

Lymphangioma

Answer 18

Most are present at birth
Less common then hemangiomas
Half arise in the head and neck area
No sex predilection

Question 19

Most common place for lymphangioma

Answer 19

Intraorally, the most common location is the tongue where it is an ill-defined mass with a pebbly surface

Question 20

Malignant vascular tumors

Answer 20

Kaposi sarcoma a malignant vascular tumor may arise in multiple sites, including the skin and oral mucosa

Question 21

Kaposi sarcoma and HIV

Answer 21

Lesions are often seen in the oral cavity as purple merciless, plaques, or exophytic tumors
Most commonly on hard palate and gingiva
May also occur in patients with other forms of immunodeficiency

Question 22

Tumors of melanin-producing cells

Answer 22

Melanotic nevi

Malignant melanoma

Question 23

Benign tumor of melanocytes called nervus cells

Answer 23

Melanocytic nevus

Question 24

Melanocytic nevus

Answer 24

Can arise on the skin or the oral mucosa
Intraoral tumors consist of tan-to-brown macules or papules
Can be malignant

Question 25

Where does melanocytic nevus most often occur

Answer 25

Hard palate or buccal mucosa

Question 26

Assessing pigmented lesions

Answer 26

``` Asymmetric shape Borders irregular Color Diameter- greater than 6 mm Evolving ```

Question 27

A malignant tumor of melanocytes

Answer 27

Malignant melanoma

Question 28

Malignant melanoma

Answer 28

Most arise on the skin in response to prolonged sun exposure to sunlight Usually a rapidly enlarging blue-to-black mass An aggressive tumor with unpredictable behavior and early metatasis

Question 29

Where is malignant melanoma location in mouth

Answer 29

Most common intraoral locations are the palate and maxillary gingiva usually occurs in adults over 40 years of age

Question 30

Tumors of bone and cartilage

Answer 30

Osteoma Osteosarcoma Tumors of cartilage

Question 31

An asymptomatic benign tumor composed of normal compact bone

Answer 31

Osteoma

Question 32

Osteoma radiographically

Answer 32

Appears as either a sharply delineated radiopaque mass within bone (endosteal) or attached to the outer surface of bone (periosteal)

Question 33

Osteoma

Answer 33

Most common location within the jaws is posterior mandible | Multiple osteomas are a component of Gardner syndrome

Question 34

A malignant tumor of bone-forming tissue

Answer 34

Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)

Question 35

Osteosarcoma

Answer 35

The most common primary malignant tumor of bone in patients less than 40 years of age The average age of patients with osteosarcoma involving the jaws is about 37 years Occurs twice as frequently in mandible as maxilla Most common in males

Question 36

Osteosarcoma radiographically

Answer 36

Sunburst pattern

Question 37

Tumors of cartilage

Answer 37

Chondroma: A benign tumor of cartilage Chondrosarcoma: A malignant tumor of cartilage

Question 38

Tumors of blood forming tissues

Answer 38

Leukemia Lymphoma Multiple myeloma

Question 39

A broad group of disorders characterized by an overproduction of atypical white blood cells in the bone marrow that enter the circulating blood and tissues

Answer 39

Leukemia

Question 40

The types of leukemia are classified according to the types of WBCs that are proliferating

Answer 40

Myleocytes, lymphocytes, or monocytes

Question 41

Acute leukemia

Answer 41

Most common in children and young adults | Proliferation of immature white blood cells

Question 42

Chronic leukemia

Answer 42

Most frequently occurs in middle-aged adults | Excess proliferation of mature white blood cells

Question 43

A malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue

Answer 43

Lymphoma

Question 44

Lymphoma

Answer 44

Clinical presentation: Gradual enlargement of lymph nodes The most common intraoral location is the tonsils Usually occurs in adults More common in males than females

Question 45

A systemic, malignant proliferation of plasma cells

Answer 45

Multiple myeloma

Question 46

Waldeyers ring

Answer 46

Formed by lymphatic tissue | Lingual tonsils, palatine tonsils, Adnoids, Tubal tonsils

Question 47

Multiple myeloma

Answer 47

Causes destructive lesions in bone Most patients are over 40; most commonly in the seventh decade of life The neoplastic plasma cells produce large ammounts of immunoglobulin Punched out appearance

Question 48

Radiographic appearance of multiple myeloma

Answer 48

Multiple radiolucent lesions | The mandible is affected more often than in the maxilla

Question 49

With multiple myeloma patients may have fragments of immunoglobulins in their urine known as

Answer 49

Bence Jones proteins

Question 50

Localized tumor of plasma cells in soft tissue

Answer 50

Extramedullary plasmacytoma

Question 51

Metastic tumors

Answer 51

Most arise from the thyroid, breast, lungs, prostate gland, and kidneys Most frequent intraoral site is the mandible

Question 52

Radiographically appearance of metastic tumors

Answer 52

Lesions are poorly defined and radiolucent Roots of involved teeth may show a spiked appearance Some tumors may form bone and be radiopaque