Chapter 7 - part 1

Question 1

Neoplasia

Answer 1

New growth

Cells exhibit uncontrolled proliferation

Question 2

Neoplasm

Answer 2

A new growth of tissue in which growth is uncontrolled and progressive

Question 3

Tumor

Answer 3

Means swelling, but is often used as a synonym for neoplasm

Question 4

Agents that have been shown to cause neoplastic transformation of cells

Answer 4

Chemicals: Hundreds of different ones
Viruses: Oncogenic viruses
Radiation: sunlight, x-rays, nuclear fission

Question 5

Benign tumor or neoplasia

Answer 5

Remains localized
May be encapsulated with fibrous connective tissue
It can invade adjacent tissues, but does not have the ability to spread to distant sites

Question 6

Malignant tumor (cancer)

Answer 6

Invades and destroys surrounding tissue

Has the ability to spread throughout the body

Question 7

Benign tumors almost always resemble

Answer 7

normal tissue

Question 8

Pleomorphic

Answer 8

The cells of malignant tumors often vary in size

Question 9

Hyperchromatic

Answer 9

The nuclei of these cells are darker than those of normal cells and exhibit an increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio

Question 10

This suffix is used to indicate a tumor

Answer 10

oma

Question 11

Lipoma

Answer 11

Benign tumor of fat

Question 12

Osteoma

Answer 12

benign tumor of bone

Question 13

4 types of tissue in the human body

Answer 13

Epithelium/epithelial tissue
muscle tissue
connective tissue
nervous tissue

Question 14

Carcinoma

Answer 14

Malignant tumor of epithelium/epithelial tissue

Question 15

Sarcoma

Answer 15

Malignant tumor of connective or non-epithelial tissue

Question 16

Osteosarcoma

Answer 16

Malignant tumor of bone

Question 17

Squamous cell carcinoma or epidermoid carcinoma

Answer 17

malignant tumor of squamous epithelium

Question 18

Treatment of benign tumors

Answer 18

Treated by surgical excision, eithet wide local excision or enucleation

Question 19

Treatment of malignant tumors

Answer 19

Treated by surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy, often a combination

Question 20

Three different types of epithelial tumors found in the oral cavity

Answer 20

From squamous epithelium
From salivary gland epithelium
From odontogenic epithelium

Question 21

Tumors of squamous epithelium

Answer 21

papilloma
premalignant lesions
squamous cell carcinoma
vemucous carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma - very common

Question 22

Papilloma

Answer 22

Benign tumor of squamous epithelium
A small exophytic pedunculate or sessile growth
May be white or the color of normal mucosa
Most often on the soft palate or tongue

Question 23

Premalignant lesions

Answer 23

Leukoplakia
Erythoplakia
Epithelial dysplasia

Question 24

Leukoplakia

Answer 24

White plaque

Biopsy is necessary to establish a definitive diagnosis

Question 25

Erythoplakia

Answer 25

Oral mucosal lesion appearing as a smooth red patch or a granular red and velvety patch Located on floor of the mouth, tongue, and soft palate Less common

Question 26

Speckled leukoplakia

Answer 26

A lesion that shows a mix of red and white areas

Question 27

Oral submucous fibrosis

Answer 27

Chronic oral mucosal disease that is associated with betel-quid chewing Increased deposition of collagen in the oral mucosa results in severe restriction of movement of the oral mucosa tissue

Question 28

Epithelial dysplasia

Answer 28

Histologic diagnosis of a premalignant condition | Precede squamous cell carcinoma

Question 29

What does epithelial dysplasia look like and location

Answer 29

Erythematous lesion, a white lesion, or a mixed (red and white) lesion Often on the floor of the mouth or tongue

Question 30

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 30

A malignant tumor of squamous epithelium | Usually metastasizes to lymph nodes in the neck and then to distant sites such as the lungs and liver

Question 31

The most common malignancy of the oral cavity

Answer 31

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 32

Where does squamous cell carcinoma occur

Answer 32

Most often on the floor of the mouth, ventolateral tongue, soft palate, tonsillar pillar, and retromolar areas May occur on the vermillion border of the lips and skin of the face

Question 33

Solar chelitis

Answer 33

A condition in which mild to severe epithelial dysplasia occurs Avoid sun exposure Use sun blocking agent

Question 34

Risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 34

Tobacco Alcohol consumption Damage from UV rays HPV

Question 35

Radiation and chemotherapy patients may have what

Answer 35

xerostomia

Question 36

Tnm staging

Answer 36

may be used to determine the prognosis | The higher the stage, the worse the prognosis

Question 37

Basal cell carcinoma

Answer 37

A malignant skin tumor associated with excessive sun exposure Nonhealing ulcer with characteristic rolled borders Frequently arises on the skin of the face

Question 38

Treatment of basal cell carcinoma

Answer 38

Surgical excision Radiation therapy may be used to treat large lesions Rarely mestasizes