Chapter 7 - Non - Communicable Diseases Flashcards
1
Q
Define a non-communicable disease.
A
- A disease that cannot be spread to another person.
2
Q
Define what a risk factor is and give 2 examples of risk factors.
A
- Factors of a persons lifestyle which increases the chance of getting a disease.
- Smoking
- Lack of exercise
- Overeating
3
Q
Define what a correlation is.
A
- A relationship between 2 factors.
4
Q
What is a causal link?
A
- A factor that has been fully influenced through another biological process.
5
Q
How does a tumour form?
A
- A tumour is formed when damaged cells passed through the cell cycle multiple out of control.
6
Q
Describe a feature of a benign tumour. [1]
A
Forms in one area and does not spread to other tissues. [1]
7
Q
Describe a malignant tumour.
A
- Described as ‘cancer’. Spread to all areas of the body, invading neighbouring tissues.
8
Q
Give 2 examples of diseases caused by smoking.
A
- Lung cancer
- Coronary heart disease
- Bronchitis
9
Q
What is a carcinogen?
A
- A substance with the potential to cause cancer.
10
Q
Describe what happens when you have type 2 diabetes.
A
- Your body doesn’t make enough insulin to control blood sugar levels
- OR your body stops responding to insulin.
11
Q
Explain 2 reason why people who exercise more are less likely to suffer from diseases.
A
- More muscle tissue, increasing metabolic rate which decreases chances of being overweight,
- Heart will be fitter, developing a better blood supply which decreases chances of heart diseases.
12
Q
Define obesity.
A
- Regularly eating more food then you burn off, resulting in excess fat.
13
Q
Name three things alcohol can damage.
A
- Cirrhosis of the liver.
- Damage to the brain.
- Liver cancer.
14
Q
How can alcohol affect the baby in a pregnant woman?
A
- The baby can develop physical deformities
- The baby can develop learning problems.
15
Q
State 3 causes of cancer [3]
A
Genetic inheritence [1]
Mutations due to carcinogens [1]
Ionising radiation [1]
