Chapter 11 - Hormonal Coordination

Question 1

Which system secretes hormones into the blood? [1]

Answer 1

Endocrine system [1]

Question 2

Name the 4 main hormones in the menstrual cycle.
[4]

Answer 2

Progesterone [1]
Oestrogen [1]
FSH [1]
LH [1]

Question 3

Name 6 glands [6]

Answer 3

Pituitary [1]
Thyroid [1]
Pancreas [1]
Adrenal [1]
Ovaries [1]
Testes [1]

Question 4

Which hormones control blood glucose levels? [2]

Answer 4

Insulin [1]
Glucagon [1]

Question 5

Explain how Glucagon and Insulin control blood glucose levels via negative feedback [6]

Answer 5

If glucose level is too high [1]
Insulin is released [1]
Glucose is taken in by cells. [1]

If glucose level is too low [1]
Glucagon is released [1]
Glycogen broken down into glucose [1]

Question 6

Give 1 way that you can treat type 1 diabetes [1]

Answer 6

Regular insulin injections [1]

Question 7

Give 2 ways that type 1 diabetes can be cured [2]

Answer 7

Pancreas transplant [1]
Pancreatic cells transplant [1]

Question 8

What are 2 ways in which type 2 diabetes can be treated?

Answer 8

Balanced diet [1]
Regular exercise [1]

Question 9

What is negative feedback and how does it function? [3]

Answer 9

A system which works to maintain a steady state. [1]
If a factor in the internal environment increases, [1] negative feedback reduces it. [1]

Question 10

Which hormone is associated with negative feedback? [1]

Answer 10

Thyroxine [1]

Question 11

What affects do adrenaline have on the body? [3]

Answer 11

Increased breathing and heart rate [1]
Increased mental awareness [1]
Blood diverted away from digestive system to muscles [1]

Question 12

What are the 2 human reproductive hormones and where are they produced? [4]

Answer 12

Testosterone [1] Testes [1]
Oestrogen [1] Ovaries [1]

Question 13

Describe how the menstrual cycle functions [4]

Answer 13

FSH causes eggs to mature and stimulates oestrogen production.
Uterus lining thickens via oestrogen and stimulates release of LH [1]
LH stimulates release of a mature egg from the ovaries. [1]
Progesterone inhibits FSH and LH and maintains the lining of the uterus if an egg is fertilized [1]

Question 14

What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle? [2]

Answer 14

Inhibit LH and FSH [1]
Maintains lining of the uterus. [1]

Question 15

Name 4 methods of fertility control [4]

Answer 15

Condoms [1]
Intrauterine devices [1]
Abstinence [1]
Progesterone pills [1]`

Question 16

Describe how In Vitro fertilisation is carried out [4]

Answer 16

Mother given FSH to stimulate egg maturity, and LH to release eggs [1]
Eggs are collected and stored in a lab [1]
Eggs are fertilised with sperm and kept in a warm environment [1]
Embryos are inserted back into the mother [1]

Question 17

Define phototropism and gravitropism [2]

Answer 17

Phototropism - Response of a plant to light [1]
Gravitropism - Response of a plant to gravity [1]

Question 18

Name the 3 plant hormones [3]

Answer 18

Auxin [1]
Gibberellins [1]
Ethene [1]

Question 19

State 2 benefits of using gibberellins on fruits [2]

Answer 19

Increase fruit size [1]
Ends seed dormancy [1]

Question 20

Explain how auxin is a natural weed killer [2]

Answer 20

Auxin makes cells grow out of control [1]
This uncontrollable growth kills the plant. [1]