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Chapter Reviews > Chapter 7 - Microbiology > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of a microorganism

A

Aka - microbes

Tiny life forms invisible to the naked eye and a natural part of the world.

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2
Q

Name the 3 broad classifications of microbes

A

Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, Viruses

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3
Q

What do you call microbes that live on the skin and inside the human body?

A

Indigenous microflora

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4
Q

What are the 3 categories of symbiosis?

A

Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism

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5
Q

Define mutualism in relation to bacteria

A

Both organisms benefit from and depend on one another to a certain extent

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6
Q

Define commensalism in relation to bacteria

A

One organism benefits but the second organism neither benefits nor is harmed

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7
Q

Define parasitism in relation to bacteria

A

One organism benefits and the host is harm

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8
Q

Definition of a pathogen

A

Microorganism, or microbes, that cause an infection

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9
Q

What is the term for a hospital acquired infection?

A

Nosocomial infection

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10
Q

CDC abbreviation

A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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11
Q

True/False

All living cells are classified into two groups

A

True

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12
Q

What are the 2 groups of cells?

A

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

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13
Q

Eukaryote cells include?

A

Fungi, green, brown, and red algae, plants, and animals

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14
Q

What type of morphology of bacteria is round shaped?

A

Coccus (plural, cocci)

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15
Q

What type of morphology of bacteria is rod shaped?

A

Bacillus

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16
Q

What type of morphology of bacteria is spiral shaped?

A

Spirilla

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17
Q

What does a simple stain do?

A

Used to determine basic shape and structures of cell. Methylene blue is used

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18
Q

Name the color that gram positive bacteria stain

A

Purple

19
Q

Name the color that gram negative bacteria stain

A

Red

20
Q

What does an acid-fast stain do?

A

Used to identify bacteria classified in the genus Mycobacterium

21
Q

True/False

Staphylococcus aureus is gram positive

A

True

22
Q

Where is Staphylococcus aureus normally located?

A

Skin, hair, and nares

23
Q

Name the bacteria that causes Tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

24
Q

How is Tuberculosis transmitted?

A

Airborne droplets

25
Q

True/False

Viruses are living particles that are not dependent on a host.

A

False

Viruses are nonliving and are completely reliant on the host

26
Q

Name some infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus

A

Toxic shock syndrome, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, postop ssi

27
Q

Name some infections caused by Streptococcus pneumonia

A

Bacterial pneumonia, bacterial meningitis, otitis media

28
Q

Name some infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Strep throat, tonsillitis, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, necrotizing fasciitis

29
Q

What is the bacteria that causes whooping cough (pertussis)

A

Bordetella pertussis

30
Q

Where are Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial infection mainly found?

A

Burns, deep puncture wounds, and open bone fractures

31
Q

What bacteria causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

32
Q

Name some infections caused by Clostridium perfringens

A

Gas gangrene, Cellulitis, Fasciitis

33
Q

How do viruses enter the body?

A

Inspiration of respiratory droplets, exchange of body fluids (blood, semen), ingestion, bites by infected arthropod

34
Q

Epidemic vs Pandemic

A

Epidemic - disease spread in a given population

Pandemic - disease spread over large area

35
Q

True/False

Prions do not contain DNA or RNA

A

True

36
Q

What is the incubation time for CJD?

A

20 years

37
Q

Definition of parasitology

A

The study of invertebrates that cause disease

38
Q

What are helminths and what are the most common?

A

Worms

Tapeworms, flukes, roundworms

39
Q

How many lines of defense does the body have?

A

3

40
Q

What is the first line of defense?

A

Protective skin and mucous membranes

41
Q

What is the second line of defense?

A

Innate immune system and inflammatory response

42
Q

What is the third line of defense?

A

Antibody reaction

43
Q

What are the 4 modes of transmission?

A

Direct, Indirect, Droplet, Airborne

Chapter Reviews (4 decks)

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