Chapter 7 - Microbiology

Question 1

Definition of a microorganism

Answer 1

Aka - microbes

Tiny life forms invisible to the naked eye and a natural part of the world.

Question 2

Name the 3 broad classifications of microbes

Answer 2

Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, Viruses

Question 3

What do you call microbes that live on the skin and inside the human body?

Answer 3

Indigenous microflora

Question 4

What are the 3 categories of symbiosis?

Answer 4

Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism

Question 5

Define mutualism in relation to bacteria

Answer 5

Both organisms benefit from and depend on one another to a certain extent

Question 6

Define commensalism in relation to bacteria

Answer 6

One organism benefits but the second organism neither benefits nor is harmed

Question 7

Define parasitism in relation to bacteria

Answer 7

One organism benefits and the host is harm

Question 8

Definition of a pathogen

Answer 8

Microorganism, or microbes, that cause an infection

Question 9

What is the term for a hospital acquired infection?

Answer 9

Nosocomial infection

Question 10

CDC abbreviation

Answer 10

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Question 11

True/False

All living cells are classified into two groups

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What are the 2 groups of cells?

Answer 12

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Question 13

Eukaryote cells include?

Answer 13

Fungi, green, brown, and red algae, plants, and animals

Question 14

What type of morphology of bacteria is round shaped?

Answer 14

Coccus (plural, cocci)

Question 15

What type of morphology of bacteria is rod shaped?

Answer 15

Bacillus

Question 16

What type of morphology of bacteria is spiral shaped?

Answer 16

Spirilla

Question 17

What does a simple stain do?

Answer 17

Used to determine basic shape and structures of cell. Methylene blue is used

Question 18

Name the color that gram positive bacteria stain

Answer 18

Purple

Question 19

Name the color that gram negative bacteria stain

Answer 19

Red

Question 20

What does an acid-fast stain do?

Answer 20

Used to identify bacteria classified in the genus Mycobacterium

Question 21

True/False

Staphylococcus aureus is gram positive

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Where is Staphylococcus aureus normally located?

Answer 22

Skin, hair, and nares

Question 23

Name the bacteria that causes Tuberculosis

Answer 23

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 24

How is Tuberculosis transmitted?

Answer 24

Airborne droplets

Question 25

True/False | Viruses are living particles that are not dependent on a host.

Answer 25

False | Viruses are nonliving and are completely reliant on the host

Question 26

Name some infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 26

Toxic shock syndrome, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, postop ssi

Question 27

Name some infections caused by Streptococcus pneumonia

Answer 27

Bacterial pneumonia, bacterial meningitis, otitis media

Question 28

Name some infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 28

Strep throat, tonsillitis, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, necrotizing fasciitis

Question 29

What is the bacteria that causes whooping cough (pertussis)

Answer 29

Bordetella pertussis

Question 30

Where are Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial infection mainly found?

Answer 30

Burns, deep puncture wounds, and open bone fractures

Question 31

What bacteria causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

Answer 31

Rickettsia rickettsii

Question 32

Name some infections caused by Clostridium perfringens

Answer 32

Gas gangrene, Cellulitis, Fasciitis

Question 33

How do viruses enter the body?

Answer 33

Inspiration of respiratory droplets, exchange of body fluids (blood, semen), ingestion, bites by infected arthropod

Question 34

Epidemic vs Pandemic

Answer 34

Epidemic - disease spread in a given population | Pandemic - disease spread over large area

Question 35

True/False | Prions do not contain DNA or RNA

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What is the incubation time for CJD?

Answer 36

20 years

Question 37

Definition of parasitology

Answer 37

The study of invertebrates that cause disease

Question 38

What are helminths and what are the most common?

Answer 38

Worms | Tapeworms, flukes, roundworms

Question 39

How many lines of defense does the body have?

Answer 39

3

Question 40

What is the first line of defense?

Answer 40

Protective skin and mucous membranes

Question 41

What is the second line of defense?

Answer 41

Innate immune system and inflammatory response

Question 42

What is the third line of defense?

Answer 42

Antibody reaction

Question 43

What are the 4 modes of transmission?

Answer 43

Direct, Indirect, Droplet, Airborne