Chapter 7 : Memory Flashcards
These answers may not be 100% correct they are to help me study for an upcoming test, and these are the answers to which I think.
What is the difference between long-term memory and short-term memory?
Short-term memory is what we use on a minute by minute, day by day basis and revolves around the present, what you are experiencing at the moment, its duration is from seconds to minutes.
Long-term memory is what matters to us most, these are the memories that make people who they are, consisting of important events, people and skills you have gained over life, they can last a lifetime and capacity is infinite.
Describe the working memory and explain how it relates to short-term memory.
Short term memory is for temporary recall of information which is being processed. It can be thought of as the ability to remember and process information at the same time. Holds a small amount of information, around 7 items, for about 10 - 15 seconds. Working memory refers to the whole process used for temporary storage and manipulation of information.
What is the purpose of the hippocampus within the brain? Why is it so important?
The hippocampus is associated primarily with memory. It’s important in regulating emotional responses. The hippocampus is involved with storing long-term memories and in making those memories resistant to forgetting.
Define these 3 definitions: Recall, Recognition, and Relearning.
Recall – retrieve learned information from memory, Recognition – identifies items that were previously learned, Relearning – first learns a task and then is required to relearn.
What is Amnesia? How does it affect memory?
Amnesia refers to the loss of memories, such as facts, information, and experiences. Amnesia can be caused by damage to areas of the brain that are vital for memory processing. It can affect memory by difficulty learning new information, and difficulty remembering past events.
In your own words, define Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) and explain what it enables.
Long term potentiation underlies learning and memory. Its the change in output in response to a short input. LTP enables the hippocampus of the brain.
What are Retrieval Cues? Provide an example of some retrieval cues that you might use on a daily basis.
Retrieval cues are stimuli that help you retrieve a certain memory. An example would be hearing a song on the radio and it suddenly takes you back to an earlier time in your life.
What are the two conscious memory systems that deal with explicit memory? Define both types and explain the difference between the two.
The two conscious memory systems that deal with explicit memory is Episodic and Semantic memory. Semantic memory is a way to file by knowing that, recalls general facts, words, concepts, and numbers. Episodic memory is events that can be stated or conjured, it is the collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular time and place. The difference between the two is semantic memory activates the frontal and temporal cortexes while episodic activity is concentrated in the hippocampus.
