Chapter 11 : Social Psychology Flashcards
These answers may not be 100% correct they are to help me study for an upcoming test, and these are the answers to which I think.
What is altruism?
Altruism is the unselfish concern for helping other people. It’s simply helping out of desire.
Provide an example of mirror-image perception.
Two people are having a dispute with one another. The first person believes that the second one is mean and untrustworthy. In turn, the second person thinks the same thing about the first person. This then causes constant conflict with the two.
What are the two types/routes of persuasion?
The two types of persuasion are central and peripheral. Central consists of thoughtful consideration of the arguments of a message. Peripheral occurs when the listener decides whether to agree with the message based on other cues than that of the argument.
Briefly explain how the cognitive dissonance theory works.
This refers to a situation involving conflicting, attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors. This produces a feeling of mental discomfort leading to a change in attitude, belief, or behavior to reduce the discomfort and restore balance.
How is normative social influence different from informational social influence?
Normative social influence occurs when people conform in order to be accepted and liked by the group, moderated by group size. Informational social influence occurs when people conform in peer views in an attempt to reach the correct answer for themselves.
What is the bystander effect? Are people more or less likely to help an injured person if a lot of other people witnessed the same event and are just standing around the injured person? Explain.
The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others discourages an individual from intervening in an emergency situation. The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is for anyone of them to help a person in distress. People are more likely to take action in a crisis when there are few or no other witnesses present.
Imagine you are walking behind someone to enter a clothing store, and the person in front of you does not hold the door. You immediately assume that this person is extremely rude and self-centered. In reality, this person is distracted because they are having trouble at work. What is this an example of?
This is called the fundamental attribution error.
What is the difference between in-group and out-group? How do these concepts relate to prejudice?
In-Group is people who share a common identity. The out-group are those perceived as different or apart from the group. Negative emotions nourish prejudice. When facing death, fearing threats, or experiencing frustration, we cling to our ingroup and our friends.
