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Psychology > Chapter 7: Memory > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

Memory of a specific event

A

Episodic memory

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2
Q

Events so important we remember every detail (birthday, wedding)

A

Flashbulb memory

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3
Q

General info that we know (ABCS)

A

Semantic memory

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4
Q

Things that are clearly stated (riding a bike)

A

Explicit memories

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5
Q

Not clearly stated; including practiced skills and learned habits

A

Implicit memory

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6
Q

Translation of information into a form in which it can be used

A

Encoding

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7
Q

Form mental pictures

A

Visual codes

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8
Q

Using sounds to remember

A

Acoustic codes

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9
Q

Making sense out of of something (try to find meaning)

A

Semantic codes

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10
Q

Maintenance of encoded information over time

A

Storage

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11
Q

Mechanical or rote repetition of info to keep from forgetting it

A

Maintenance rehearsal

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12
Q

Relate new information to something you already know

A

Elaborative rehearsal

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13
Q

Filing system used to arrange learned info for later retrieval

A

Organizational systems

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14
Q

Information filed incorrectly; hard to retrieve it when you need it

A

Filing errors

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15
Q

Locating stored info and returning it to conscious thought

A

Retrieval

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16
Q

Memories that come back to you in the place where they took place

A

Context-Dependent Memory

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17
Q

Memories that return because of the mood you’re in (happy=Christmas)

A

State-Dependent Memory

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18
Q

Feeling that you know something but you just can’t retrieve it

A

Tip of the Tongue

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19
Q

Immediate; initial recording of data that enters through the senses

A

Sensory memory

20
Q

Visual impression that decays within a fraction of a second

A

Memory trace

21
Q

Accurate, photographic images

A

Iconic memory

22
Q

Ability to remember visual stimuli over long periods of time

A

Eidetic imagery (photographic memory)

23
Q

Mental traces of sounds

A

Echoic memory

24
Q

Working memory; storage for information after the memory trace fades away

A

Short-Term Memory

25
Q

Tendency to recall the first items in a series

A

Primacy effect

26
Q

Tendency to recall the last items in a list

A

Recency effect

27
Q

Organization of items into familiar/ manageable units (937-726-2276)

A

Chunking

28
Q

Average person can remember about 7 items in a list

A

George Miller

29
Q

New information appears in short-term memory and takes the place of what was already there

A

Interference

30
Q

Asked college students to remember three letter combinations, then ask them to count down from 3s (interference)

A

Lloyd and Margaret Peterson Study

31
Q

Last stage; holds information for extended period of time

A

Long-Term Memory

32
Q

Recollect prior experiences and info and skills learned from the past

A

Memory

33
Q

The mental representations we form in the world by organizing parts

A

Schemas

34
Q

Information that is crowded out/ forgotten

A

Displaced

35
Q

A study with nonsense syllables (maintenance rehearsal)

A

Hermann Ebbinghaus

36
Q

Identifying objects or events that have been encountered before

A

Recognition

37
Q

Studied yearbook photos (more likely to remember faces than names)

A

Harry Bahrick

38
Q

Bring something back into your mind

A

Recall

39
Q

Learn information that you already know

A

Relearning

40
Q

Fading away a memory over time

A

Decay

41
Q

Forgetting something on purpose without knowing it

A

Repression

42
Q

Severe loss of memory often caused by brain trauma

A

Amnesia

43
Q

Forgetting the memories that occurred before the accident (50 First Dates)

A

Retrograde Amnesia

44
Q

Memory loss after a traumatic event (10 Second Tom)

A

Anterograde amnesia

45
Q

Not remembering events before the age of three

A

Infantile Amnesia

46
Q

Acronyms, phrase, jingles to help you memorize something

A

Mnemonic devices

Psychology (4 decks)

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