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Psychology > Chapter 3- Biology & Behavior > Flashcards

Chapter 3- Biology & Behavior Flashcards

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1
Q

Nerve cells that send messages between the CNS and other parts of the body

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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2
Q

Nerve cells that run through our entire body and communicate with each other

A

Neurons

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3
Q

Produces energy that fuels the neuron’s activity

A

Cell body

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4
Q

Receives info from other neurons and passes the messages through the cell body

A

Dendrites

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5
Q

Transmits messages away form the cell body

A

Axon

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6
Q

Fatty substance that insulates and protects the axon

A

Myelin

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7
Q

Small fibers at the end of the axon

A

Axon terminals

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8
Q

Space between the axon terminals of one neuron and the dendrites of another

A

Synapse

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9
Q

Nerve cells that carry info received by senses to the CNS

A

Sensory neurons

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10
Q

Nerve cells that carry info received from CNS to muscles and glands

A

Motor neurons,

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11
Q

Chemicals that are stored in the axon terminals; released to help send messages

A

Neurotransmitters

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12
Q

Involves controlling the muscles, learning and memory

A

Acetylcholine

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13
Q

Involves motor behavior; released when happy or aroused

A

Dopamine

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14
Q

Prepares the body for action

A

Noradrenaline

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15
Q

Involves emotional arousal and sleep

A

Serotonin

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16
Q

Transits sensory messages to the CNS; includes heat, cold, pain, and pressure

A

Somatic Nervous System (SNS)

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17
Q

Regulates the body’s vital functions

A

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

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18
Q

Responds to stress

  • Fight or Flight
  • Increases heart/ respiration rate
  • Blood pressure elevates
A

Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)

19
Q

Calms body down

-rest and digest

A

Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)

20
Q

Part of brain that controls vital functions

A

Hindbrain

21
Q

Part of brain that controls vision and hearing

A

Midbrain

22
Q

Part of brain that controls thoughts/emotions (higher level thinking)

A

Forebrain

23
Q

Controls vital functions (heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing

A

Medulla

24
Q

Regulate body movement, attention, sleep, and alertness

A

Pons

25
Q

Balance and coordination

A

Cerebellum

26
Q

Important for attention, arousal, and sleep

-in all parts of brain

A

Reticular Activating System (RAS)

27
Q

Brain and spinal cord

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

28
Q

Serves as a really station for sensory stimulation

A

Thalamus

29
Q

Vital to regulation of body temperature, storage of nutrients, and motivation/ emotion

A

Hypothalamus

30
Q

Forms a border around the brain stem
Includes: learning, memory, emotion, hunger, sex, aggression
Controls survival behavior

A

Limbic System

31
Q

Site of the most conscious and intellectual activity

-makes up 70% of brains weight

A

Cerebrum

32
Q

Outer layer of the brain
Includes:
Memory, language, emotions, complex motor functions, perception
Made up of two hemispheres

A

Cerebral Cortex

33
Q

Primary visual area of cerebral cortex

A

Occipital Lobe

34
Q

Lobe involved with hearing

A

Temporal Lobe

35
Q

Lobe that receives skin sensory information

A

Parietal Lobe

36
Q

Lobe that controls problem solving, decision making, and memory

A

Frontal Lobe

37
Q

Part of brain that piece together sights and sounds for language

A

Wernicke’s area

38
Q

Part of brain that controls area of face for speaking

A

Broca’s area

39
Q

Substances that are secreted and control growth an d affect behavior and emotional responses

A

Hormones

40
Q

Master gland that regulates growth of muscles, bones, and glands

A

Pituitary gland

41
Q

Gland in control of metabolism

A

Thyroid gland

42
Q

Too little thyroxin

A

Hypothyroidism

43
Q

Too much thyroxin

A

Hyperthyroidism

44
Q

Secretes cortical steroids that increase resistance to stress and promotes muscle development

A

Adrenal Gland

Psychology (4 decks)

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