Chapter 7 Liver Flashcards
What are 3 functions of the liver?
- metabolic regulation 2. hematologic regulation 3. bile production
What is the liver?
the largest organ of the abdomen
What regions of the abdomen is the liver in?
hypochondriac and epigastric regions
Where is the liver located?
bordered superiorly, laterally and anteriorly by the right hemidiaphragm
What is the name of the strong connective tissue that covers the surface of the liver?
Glisson’s capsule
Is the liver peritoneal or retroperitoneal?
peritoneal
What are the 4 lobes of the liver?
- left 2. right 3. caudate 4. quadrate
What is the largest lobe of the liver?
right
What separates the right and left lobes of the liver
the main lobar/interlobar fissure
What is the smallest lobe of the liver?
the caudate
Where is the caudate lobe located?
on the inferior and posterior liver surfaces bordered by ligamentum venosum or IVC
Where is the quadrate lobe located?
on the anterioinferior surface of the left lobe between the gallbladder and the fissure of ligamentum teres
What is the fissure for ligamentum teres?
the fissure that divides the left lobe into medial and lateral segments; contains the round and falciform ligaments
What is the ligamentum venosum?
a fibrous remnant of the dutus venosum of the fetal circulation; located between the left lobe and caudate lobe
What is the transverse fissure?
The fissure that contains the horizontal portions of the right and left portal veins
What is the interlobar/main lobar fissure?
the fissure that divides the right and left lobes; contains the gallbladder
How is the liver divided into segments?
based on the branching of the hepatic and portal veins
How many segments is the liver divided into?
8
How does the liver receive nutrient-rich blood?
from the gastro-intestinal tract via the portal hepatic system
What is the portal vein?
a major vessel of the system that is formed by the union of the SMV and splenic vein
What is the portal confluence?
the union of the SMV and splenic vein
Where is the portal confluence located?
posterior to the neck of the pancreas
How does the portal vein enter the liver?
via the porta hepatis; it then branches into r/l portal veins inside the liver
What are the ratios of the hepatic vasculature
arterial blood from hepatic artery (20-25%) nutrient-rich blood from portal vein (75-80%)
What is the hepatic artery?
one of the three arteries that branch from the celiac trunk; it then branches into the proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery
What are the hepatic veins?
the veins that remove the blood from the liver and drain them directly into the IVC just below the diaphragm right, middle, and left hepatic veins
What is the bare area?
the part of the liver surface between the superior and inferior coronary ligaments
