Chapter 7 Liver Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 functions of the liver?

A
  1. metabolic regulation 2. hematologic regulation 3. bile production
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2
Q

What is the liver?

A

the largest organ of the abdomen

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3
Q

What regions of the abdomen is the liver in?

A

hypochondriac and epigastric regions

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4
Q

Where is the liver located?

A

bordered superiorly, laterally and anteriorly by the right hemidiaphragm

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5
Q

What is the name of the strong connective tissue that covers the surface of the liver?

A

Glisson’s capsule

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6
Q

Is the liver peritoneal or retroperitoneal?

A

peritoneal

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7
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the liver?

A
  1. left 2. right 3. caudate 4. quadrate
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8
Q

What is the largest lobe of the liver?

A

right

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9
Q

What separates the right and left lobes of the liver

A

the main lobar/interlobar fissure

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10
Q

What is the smallest lobe of the liver?

A

the caudate

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11
Q

Where is the caudate lobe located?

A

on the inferior and posterior liver surfaces bordered by ligamentum venosum or IVC

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12
Q

Where is the quadrate lobe located?

A

on the anterioinferior surface of the left lobe between the gallbladder and the fissure of ligamentum teres

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13
Q

What is the fissure for ligamentum teres?

A

the fissure that divides the left lobe into medial and lateral segments; contains the round and falciform ligaments

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14
Q

What is the ligamentum venosum?

A

a fibrous remnant of the dutus venosum of the fetal circulation; located between the left lobe and caudate lobe

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15
Q

What is the transverse fissure?

A

The fissure that contains the horizontal portions of the right and left portal veins

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16
Q

What is the interlobar/main lobar fissure?

A

the fissure that divides the right and left lobes; contains the gallbladder

17
Q

How is the liver divided into segments?

A

based on the branching of the hepatic and portal veins

18
Q

How many segments is the liver divided into?

A

8

19
Q

How does the liver receive nutrient-rich blood?

A

from the gastro-intestinal tract via the portal hepatic system

20
Q

What is the portal vein?

A

a major vessel of the system that is formed by the union of the SMV and splenic vein

21
Q

What is the portal confluence?

A

the union of the SMV and splenic vein

22
Q

Where is the portal confluence located?

A

posterior to the neck of the pancreas

23
Q

How does the portal vein enter the liver?

A

via the porta hepatis; it then branches into r/l portal veins inside the liver

24
Q

What are the ratios of the hepatic vasculature

A

arterial blood from hepatic artery (20-25%) nutrient-rich blood from portal vein (75-80%)

25
Q

What is the hepatic artery?

A

one of the three arteries that branch from the celiac trunk; it then branches into the proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery

26
Q

What are the hepatic veins?

A

the veins that remove the blood from the liver and drain them directly into the IVC just below the diaphragm right, middle, and left hepatic veins

27
Q

What is the bare area?

A

the part of the liver surface between the superior and inferior coronary ligaments