Chapter 7 Abdominal Cavity Flashcards
What are the 10 organs in the abdomino-pelvic cavity?
- liver
- gallbladder
- pancreas
- spleen
- adrenal galnds
- kidneys
- ureters
- stomach
- intestines
- vascular structures (IVC + aorta)
What is the peritoneum?
the thin, serous lining of the abdominal cavity
What are the two layers of the pertinoeum?
- parietal (lines abdominal walls)
2. visceral (covers the organs)
What are the two components of the peritoneal cavity?
- greater sac (between abdominal wall and the viscera)
2. lesser sac (located between posterior surface of the stomach and the posterior abdominal wall)
How do the two sacs of the peritoneal cavity communicate?
via the Foramen of Winslow (epiploic foramen)
What is the mesentery?
a double layer of peritoneum that encloses the intestines and attaches it to the abdominal wall
What is the role of the mesentery?
serves as a route for blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach the small intestines
What is the omentum?
a double layer of peritoneum that is attached to the stomach?
What are the two compartments of the omentum?
- greater omentum
2. lesser omentum
What does the omentum do?
it is an apron-like sheet of mesentery that hangs in front of the intestines
What is the greater omentum?
the fat-laden fold of peritoneum that drapes down over the transverse colon and spleen from the greater curvature of the stomach and connects to the posterior abdominal wall
What is the lesser omentum?
the part of the omentum that attaches the duodenum and lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver
What is a peritoneal space?
potential spaces that are a result of the folds of peritoneum
How many peritoneal spaces are there?
8
Where are the r/l subphrenic spaces located?
between diaphragm and anterior liver, the falciform ligament divides the left and right spaces
Where is the right subhepatic space located?
between the right lobe of liver and kidney; contains Morison’s pouch
Where is the left subhepatic space located?
between the left lobe of the liver and kidney; includes lesser omentum
Where are the r/l infracolic spaces located?
below the transverse colon; divided by mesentery of small intestine
Where is the right paracolic gutter located?
between the ascending colon and right abdominal wall
Where is the left paracolic gutter located?
between the descending colon and left abdominal wall
How many retroperitoneal spaces are there?
4
Where is the anterior pararenal space located?
Between anterior renal (Gerota’s) fascia and posterior surface of peritoneum
Where is the posterior pararenal space located?
Between posterior renal (Gerota’s) fascia and muscles of posterior abdominal wall
Where are the r/l perirenal spaces located?
around the kidneys and adrenal glands; completely enclosed by renal (Gerota’s) fascia
What are the 11 organs of the retroperitineum
- kidneys
- ureters
- adrenal glands
- pancreas
- duodenum
- aorta
- IVC
- bladder
- uterus
- prostate gland
- genital structures
What is the retroperitoneum?
the space that contains the organs that are situated posterior to the peritoneum
How many peritoneal ligaments are there?
14
Where is the gastrocolic ligament located?
apron portion of the greater omentum attached to the transverse colon
Where is the gastrosplenic (gastrolineal ligament) located?
left portion of the greater omentum that connects the hilum of the spleen to the greater curvature and fundus of the stomach
Where is the splenorenal (lienorenal ligament)
connects the spleen and kidney
Where is the gastrophrenic located?
superior portion of greater omentum attached to the diaphragm and posterior aspect of the fundus and esophagus
Where is the hepatorenal ligament located?
connects the liver and kidney
Where is the hepatoesophageal ligament located?
connects the liver and esophagus
Where is the hepatogastric ligament located?
connects the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach
Where is the hepatoduodenal ligament located?
connects the superior region of the duodenum to the liver
Where is the falciform ligament located?
extends from the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm
Where is the round ligament located?
remnant of the fetal umbilical vein, lying in the free edge of the falciform ligament
Where are the coronary ligaments located?
reflections of the peritoneum that surround the bare area of the liver
Where are the triangular (r/l) ligament located?
where the layers of the coronary ligaments meet to the left and right; respectively
Where is the phrenocolic ligament located?
attaches the left flexure of the colon to the diaphragm
