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Biochem Midterm #2 > Chapter 7 Lipids > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

9 carbons or less and unsaturated hydrocarbon form what structure at room temperature?

A

Oily liquids

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2
Q

At what pH are fatty acids fully ionized?

A

7

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3
Q

Saturated?

A

No double bonds

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4
Q

Unsaturated?

A

Double bonds

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5
Q

Which structure is more packed?

A

Saturated

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6
Q

Where does fatty acid naming start (C#1) ?

A

At the carboxylic acid group

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7
Q

Which 2 fatty acids do humans not synthesize naturally?

A
  1. linoleic acid (omega 3)

2. linolenic acid (omega 6)

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8
Q

What are the fatty acids ingested in food?

A

ALA- a-linoleic acid
EPA- eicosapentaenoic acid
DHA-docosahexaenoic acid

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9
Q

How are the glycerol and fatty acids linked in triglycerides

A

An ester linkage

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10
Q

What 2 things are responsible for physical properties of fatty acids?

A

Fatty acid chain length and degree of saturation

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11
Q

How are waxes formed?

A

By condensation reactions b/w long fatty acids and alcohol hydrocarbon chains. Do not contain glycerol

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12
Q

What are phospholipids?

A

Phosphoric acid linked to diacylglycerol.

2 fatty acids linked by ester bond to hydroxyl,
Phosphoric acid linked to third.

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13
Q

What is the backbone of phospholipids?

A

Glycerol 3 phosphate

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14
Q

What is the major head group of eukaryotic cells?

A

Phosphatidylcholine

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15
Q

What bond is the head group linked through in phospholipids?

A

Phosphodiester linkage

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16
Q

What are sphingolipids?

A

Backbone is amino alcohol ; sphingosine attached are fatty acids by an amide linkage

17
Q

How are polar head groups attached on in sphingolipids

A

Phospho-ester or glycosidic bond

18
Q

What are the 2 major classes of biologically active lipids and what do they not have that other lipids do?

A

Prostaglandins and sterols.

They don’t have a glycerol backbone or fatty acids

19
Q

What does A1 do?

A

Cleaves C1 ester linked fatty acid

20
Q

What does A2 do?

A

Cleaves fatty acid 2

21
Q

What does C do?

A

Cleaves C3 phosphoester linked phosphoric acid

22
Q

What does D do?

A

Cleaves phosphoester linked head groups

23
Q

What are the three types of lipid aggregates?

A

Micelles, liposomes and double bilayer

24
Q

10 carbons or more forms what structure at room temperature?

A

Waxy

Biochem Midterm #2 (4 decks)

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