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Chemistry 105 > Chapter 7 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Amplitude

A

Vertical height of a crest of a wave, measure of intensity

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2
Q

Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l)

A

Integer indicating the shape of an orbital (0=s,1=p,2=d…)

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3
Q

Complementary Properties

A

the more that you know about one, the less you know about the other

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4
Q

Constructive Interference

A

Interaction of waves that align, creating a greater amplitude

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5
Q

de Broglie Relation

A

(Lambda=h/mv)

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6
Q

Destructive interference

A

The interaction of waves aligned so that the waves cancel

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7
Q

Deterministic

A

present circumstances determine future events

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8
Q

Diffraction

A

When a wave passing through an aperture spreads out to form a new wave front

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9
Q

Electromagnetic Radiation

A

A form of energy embodied in oscillating electric and magnetic fields

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10
Q

Electromagnetic Spectrum

A

The range of the wavelengths of all possible EM radiation

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11
Q

Emission Spectrum

A

The range of wavelengths emitted by a particular element

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12
Q

Frequency (v)

A

The number of cycles that pass through a stationary point in one second

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13
Q

Gamma rays

A

Form of EM radiation with the highest energy and frequency

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14
Q

Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Primciple

A

It is impossible to know both the velocity and position of an electron

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15
Q

Indeterminacy

A

The present doesn’t inherently determine the exact events of the future

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16
Q

Infrared radiation

A

EM radiation emitted from warm object, wavelengths larger than visible light

17
Q

Interference

A

Superposition of two or more waves, resulting in a change of amplitude

18
Q

Magnetic quantum number (ml)

A

Integer that indicates the orientation of an orbital

19
Q

Microwaves

A

EM radiation with longer wavelengths than IR radiation, used for radar

20
Q

Node

A

A point where the wave function, probability density, and radial distribution go through 0

21
Q

Orbital

A

A probability distribution map based on the quantum mechanical model of the atom, used to describe the likely position of an electron in an atom

22
Q

Phase

A

with regard to waves and orbitals, the phase is the sign of the amplitude of the wave (+/-)

23
Q

Photoelectric effect

A

The observation that many metals emit electrons when light falls upon them

24
Q

Photon

A

The smallest packet of electromagnetic radiation

25
Q

Quanta

A

The smallest packet of electromagnetic radiation

26
Q

Principle level (shell)

A

The group of orbitals with the same value of N

27
Q

Principle quantum level (n)

A

An integer that specifies the size and energy of an orbital. the higher it is, the greater the average distance between electron and the nucleus,

28
Q

Probability density

A

Probability of finding an electron at a point in space

29
Q

Quantum number

A

Four numbers that determine the shape and energy of orbitals/electrons in orbitals

30
Q

Quantum mechanical model

A

Model that explains the behavior of absolutely small particles such as an electron or photons

31
Q

Radio waves

A

EM radiation with the longest wavelengths and smallest energy

32
Q

Spin quantum number (ms)

A

The fourth quantum number, indicates electron’s spin as up (1/2) or down (-1/2)

33
Q

Sublevel (subshell)

A

Orbitals with the same n and l

34
Q

UV Radiation

A

EM radiation with slightly smaller wavelengths than visible light

35
Q

Visible light

A

EM radiation that can be seen by humans

36
Q

Wave function (psi)

A

A function describing the wave nature of electrons

37
Q

Wavelength (lambda)

A

Distance between crests of a wave

38
Q

X rays

A

EM radiation with wavelength slightly longer than gamma rays

Chemistry 105 (13 decks)

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