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Chemistry 105 > Chapter 4 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid Base Reaction

A

Also known as a neutralization reaction, involves an acid and a base combining to produce a salt and water.

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2
Q

Actual Yield

A

The amount of product produced by a reaction in experiment,

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3
Q

Aqueous solution

A

A solution where water is the solvent.

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4
Q

Arrhenius Definition of Acid and Base

A

Acids release H+ when dissolved, bases release OH-

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5
Q

Complete Ionic Equation

A

A representation of a chemical equation that shows all dissolved ions as separate reactants/products

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6
Q

Concentrated Solution

A

A solution that contains a lot of solute relative to solvent

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7
Q

Dilute solution

A

A solution with relatively little solute compared to solvent

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8
Q

Diprotic acid

A

An acid with two protons that can be released when dissolved

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9
Q

Electrolyte

A

A substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water

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10
Q

Equivalence point

A

The pint in a titration when there is no more reaction to be had

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11
Q

Gas-evolution reaction

A

A reaction where two solutions are mixed and a gas is a product.

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12
Q

Hydronium ion

A

H30+

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13
Q

Indicator

A

A dye which changes color based on pH

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14
Q

Insoluble

A

To be incapable or very difficult to dissolve in water

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15
Q

Limiting reactant

A

The reactant in a reaction that is completely used in a reaction

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16
Q

Molarity (M)

A

The concentration of a solution in moles per Liter

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17
Q

Molecular Equation

A

An equation showing the complete neutral formula for each compound in a reaction.

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18
Q

Net Ionic Equation

A

An equation that only shows the ions which were changed in an equation

19
Q

Nonelectrolyte

A

A substance which, when dissolved in water, does not conduct electricity.

20
Q

Oxidation State/Number

A

A number representing the hypothetical charge of an atom

21
Q

Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Reaction

A

A reaction involving the transfer of electrons and the change of oxidation states.

22
Q

Oxidation

A

The loss of one or more electrons

23
Q

Oxidizing agent

A

A substance that is reduced in a redox reaction

24
Q

Percent yeild

A

The percentage of the theoretical yield of a chemical reaction that is produced in an experiment

25
Q

Polyprotic acid

A

An acid with multiple ionizable protons

26
Q

Precipitate

A

A solid compound that forms in a solution as part of a precipitation reaction.

27
Q

Precipitation reaction

A

A chemical reaction between two aqueous solutions that results in the formation of a precipitate.

28
Q

Reducing agent

A

A substance that is oxidized in a redox reaction

29
Q

Reduction

A

The gaining of one or more electrons

30
Q

Salt

A

An ionic compound made of a non H+ cation and a non OH- anion

31
Q

Soluble

A

Able to dissolve in water

32
Q

Solute

A

The minority component of a solution

33
Q

Solution

A

Homogeneous mixture of two substances

34
Q

Solvent

A

The majority component of a solution

35
Q

Spectator ion

A

An ion in a complete ionic reaction that does not participate in the reaction

36
Q

Stock solution

A

A concentrated solution used in labs to keep from having to keep many concentrations of a solution on hand

37
Q

Stoichiometry

A

The numerical relationships between amounts of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation

38
Q

Strong Acid

A

An acid that completely ionizes in a solution

39
Q

Strong Electrolyte

A

An electrolyte that completely disscociates into ions when dissolved in water

40
Q

Theoretical Yeild

A

The greatest possible amount of reaction that can happen

41
Q

Titration

A

When two solutions are mixed, one of known, one of unknown concentration, in order to calculate the unknown concentration.

42
Q

Weak Acid

A

An acid that fails to completely ionize when dissolved in water.

43
Q

Weak Electrolyte

A

An electrolyte that does not completely ionize, and only conducts some electricity

Chemistry 105 (13 decks)

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