Chapter 7- Health Status and Health-Care Transitions in an Aging Context Flashcards
Describe the medical model. (4)
- Dominated most of 20th century
- Focuses on causes and treatments of disease with surgery, meds, rehab, and long-term nursing care
- Perpetuates idea that health is caused by physiological systems
- Criticized for making people too dependant on health care
Describe the social model (3)
- Builds on medical
- Views health as having social, psychological, and biological/genetic basis
- Stresses role of the individual, prevention, continuum of health care
What is the health promotion model? (1)
Promotes healthy behaviours by targeting individuals or groups in a community or across society.
What is the population health model? (1)
Developed in 1990s in response to growing interest to identifying determinants of health.
How has the older population healthier over time? (2)
- Morbidity compression hypothesis: onset of disease has compressed into shorter periods, health has improved
- However, there are patterns of increasing chronic conditions
What are the factors associated with morbidity and reaction to illness in later life? (4)
- Personal (adaptation to stress and pain and coping strategies)
- Social (availability of a support system)
- Structural
- Cultural
Define multimorbidity and its interlocking domains in the Lifecourse Model of Multimorbidity Resilience. (2)
- Mortimorbidity: facing more than one chronic condition
- Functional, social, psychological
Describe the self-perceptions of health and self efficacy (2)
- Majority say that it is good to excellent, but tend to overestimate
- Self efficacy: perceived that one can accomplish a behavioural change or adopt a new behaviour (necessary to making a shift in behaviour)
Describe gender, sexual orientation, identity, health, and aging. (3)
- Women live longer, but they experience more years with disability, non-fatal chronic diseases, stress/anxiety, and more frequent users of health care services and facilities
- Gender differences partly reflect women living longer and their cumulative SES disadvantages
- Discrimination and inequalities are key challenges to aging among LGBTQ+
What is the relationship of ethnicity to health and aging? (3)
- Immigrants are healthier and live longer
- The longer immigrants live in Canada, the more their health resembles the population
- Immigrants fare worse in accessing health-care (language, health-literacy barriers
Describe rural and remote living (2)
- Farther from urban centre, poorer the health
- Insufficient and inefficient health from fragmentation of services, closing of small hospitals, difficulty attracting and keeping health workers, and restructuring and regionalization of health services
Explain self-care. (2)
- Seeking health information, examining oneself for disease symptoms, treating oneself for minor ailments with rest, and over-the-counter medication
- Demonstrates independence, empowerment, lower cost of health care, and improved quality of life
Explain nutrition weight, and obesity. (2)
- Current level of public pensions are not high enough for a nutritional diet
- Obesity is a result of lifelong of overeating and physical inactivity, associated with chronic illnesses (diabetes, heart disease, arthritis)
Explain physical activity. (2)
- Reduces risk of diseases, disability. Increases quality of life and longevity.
- Inactivity more pronounced with women, less, educated, lower incomes, rural areas, and manual occupations
Explain smoking.
- Tend to have lower income and education levels
- Higher in Quebec
- Major risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory disease, and lung cancer