Chapter 7 Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

(+) [S wa] + method + DE + [N wo] + V-masu。

S do (V) [N] by “method”

Method of doing action

A

Amerika-jin wa naifu to fuooku DE suteeki wo tabemasu。

Americans eat steak with knife and fork.

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2
Q

(?) [S wa] + nani de + [N wo] + V-masuka。
—Method + DE + [N wo] + V-masu。

How does S do (V) [N]?

(?) Method of doing action

A

Indo-jin wa nani DE gohan wo tabemasuka。
—Te DE tabemasu。

—[they] eat [meals/rice]with their hands.

How do Indians eat [meals/rice]?

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3
Q

(sth) Sore wa + Target lang + DE + nandesuka。

How to say/call sth in another language

A

Sorewa Nihongo de nandesuka。
—korewa Nihongo de「keshigomu」desu。

What is that called in Jpese?
–This is called “keshigomu” in Jpese.

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4
Q

(“OG lang” wa) + Target lang-go + DE + nandesuka。

How to say/call sth in another language

A

「I love you」wa Nihongo de nandesuka。
—「Aishiteiru」desu。

–It’s “Aishiteiru”.

How do you say “I love u” in Jpese?

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5
Q

(+) A wa + B ni + N wo + age-masu

Giver wa - Receiver ni

Give-receive

A

[Watashi wa] chichi ni purezento wo agemashita。

[I] gave my father a present.

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6
Q

(x) DON’T USE
A wa + Watashi [no kazoku] + ni + N wo + age-masu

Give-Receive

A

“A gifted me”
This sounds arrogant and rude, since the giver is in a lower position. Say “watashi wa A ni N wo moraimasu” (I received from A) instead.

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7
Q

(+) A wa + B ni + N wo + morai-masu

Receiver wa - Giver ni

Give-Receive

A

Watashi wa chichi ni purezento wo moraimashita。

I received a present from my father.

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8
Q

(x) DO NOT USE
A wa + watashi [no kazoku] + ni + N wo + morai-masu

Give-Receive

A

“A received from me”
Summary: don’t use “watashi [no kazoku] ni” (B part)

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9
Q

(+) A wa + B KARA(ni) + N wo + age-masu。

kara can be used, especially if ORGANIZATION

Give-Receive

A

ABC kaisha KARA denwa wo moraimashita。

I received a call from ABC (company)

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10
Q

Dare ni + [N wo] + age-masuka?
— ~ni age-masu.

Give [what] to who?

Give-Receive

A

Dare ni purezento wo agemasuka?
—[Watashi wa] chichi ni purezento wo agemasu.

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11
Q

Dare ni + [N wo] + morai-masuka?

Receive [what] from who

Give-Receive

A

Dare ni purezento wo moraimasuka?
—[Watashi wa] chichi ni purezento wo moraimasu.

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12
Q

Time + [N wo] + shimashitaka?

Did you do~?

A

Kinou shukudai wo shimashitaka?
—Hai, shimashita.
—Iie, shimasendeshita.

Did you do your homework last night?

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13
Q

MOU + [N wo] + shimashitaka?
—Hai, MOU shimashita.
—Iie, madadesu.

Have you done~?

mou = hoàn thành rồi

A

Mou shukudai wo shimashitaka?
—hai, mou shimashita.
—Iie, madadesu.

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