Chapter 7 - Genetic changes in a population over time

Question 1

Define gene pool (including the term allele)

Question 2

State how to determine whether evolution has occurred

Question 3

Name and describe the three types of point mutations

Question 4

Define silent, nonsense and missense mutations and state the impact on the amino acid coded
for

Question 5

Explain why insertion and deletion mutations are called frameshift

Question 6

Name and describe the four types of block mutations

Question 7

State how mutations could bring about new alleles

Question 8

Give examples of environmental selection pressures

Question 9

State how selection pressures can cause a change in the allele frequency in a gene pool

Question 10

Describe the potential effects of gene flow (migration) on gene pools

Question 11

Define genetic drift (bottleneck effect and founder effect) using examples

Question 12

Compare natural selection to genetic drift

Question 13

Give an example of when increasing genetic diversity can benefit a population

Question 14

Give an example of when decreasing genetic diversity can benefit a population

Question 15

Give an example of when increasing genetic diversity can be detrimental to a population

Question 16

Give an example of when decreasing genetic diversity can be detrimental to a population

Question 17

Describe how humans can select for traits through breeding

Question 18

Give examples of when and why humans have used selective breeding

Question 19

State the effect of selective breeding on genetic diversity

Question 20

State 3 differences between natural selection and selective breeding

Question 21

Explain how bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics

Question 22

Explain the consequences for human health of antibiotic-resistant bacteria

Question 23

Compare antigenic drift to antigenic shift (include 3 similarities and/or differences)

Question 24

Explain the circumferences that make antigenic shift more likely