Chapter 7 - Feminist, Anti-Racist, and Postmodern Critiques

Question 1

Our course, thus far, could fairly be encapsulated as followed: ______ _________!

Answer 1

Class Matters

Question 2

What is the purpose of examining major economic and political worldviews?

Answer 2

Not to discard the analytical value of the paradigms presented thus far, but to recognize their gaps

Question 3

Feminists draw attention to the fact that women experience a __________ social world than men

Answer 3

different

Question 4

Women have a greater responsibility for the ______

Answer 4

family

Question 5

Women are __________ the victims of violence

Answer 5

disproportionately

Question 6

Women are among the _______ groups in Canadian society

Answer 6

poorest

Question 7

Women remain significantly _______-______________ in legislatures, cabinets, and in senior levels of public services and business corporations

Answer 7

under-represented

Question 8

Women experience more adversely the results of ________ to social services

Answer 8

cutbacks

Question 9

Feminism has never been a single ___________ or ________

Answer 9

philosophy; ideology

Question 10

There is no single feminist ________ or worldview

Answer 10

paradigm

Question 11

Feminists are ____________ diverse

Answer 11

demographically

Question 12

Feminists have diverse ________ __________ about the causes of social problems and the best solutions

Answer 12

theoretical perspectives

Question 13

What is oppression?

Answer 13

When unjust actions are enacted upon a person because of their group membership

Question 14

What is social justice?

Answer 14

Equality and equity for the social wellbeing of all members of society, regardless of group membership

Question 15

The liberation of women cannot come at the expense of the oppression of men, because that’s merely _____________ _______________

Answer 15

oppression redistributed

Question 16

What are the three points that a global feminist worldview includes?

Answer 16

1. Belief in historical inequities between women and men
2. Belief in contemporary inequities between women and men
3. Belief that equality between women and men ought to be a central goal of society

Question 17

__% of adults caring for children more than ___ hours a week are women

Answer 17

75%; 30 hours

Question 18

Unequal sharing of dependent care in the family may be the most persistent barrier to _______ _______

Answer 18

gender equality

Question 19

What are the five factors that may limit women’s resources during retirement?

Answer 19

1. Work in lower-paying sectors
2. Longevity
3. Part time sporadic work history
4. Disproportionate family caring
5. Wage gaps

Question 20

Liberal feminism focuses on equal rights for ________ ___________

Answer 20

equal opportunities

Question 21

Liberal feminism is not necessarily radically altering existing ______/________ structures

Answer 21

social/economic

Question 22

Liberal feminism assumes that social change is best achieved through _________ to facilitate achievement of women’s full potential

Answer 22

advocacy

Question 23

Liberal feminism is criticized for primarily benefiting women who are ______, ______ ________, and who belong to the _______ class

Answer 23

White; highly educated; middle

Question 24

Socialist feminism assumes that gender inequalities result from _________ ________ systems

Answer 24

oppressive economic

Question 25

Socialist feminism assumes that social change is best achieved through ___________ and ____________ capitalism

Answer 25

challenging; reforming

Question 26

Socialist feminism has been criticized for oversimplifying women’s oppression to just ______

Answer 26

labour

Question 27

What is the purpose of radical feminism?

Answer 27

To achieve social justice for women by eliminating the patriarchy

Question 28

Radical feminism promotes elimination of hierarchical governments through _________ ________-________

Answer 28

consensus decision-making

Question 29

According to radical feminism, gender equality can only be achieved by radically, not incrementally, altering all _____–_______ aspects of society

Answer 29

male dominated

Question 30

What is the main criticism of radical feminism?

Answer 30

By defining patriarchy in terms of biology, it reduces the complex issue of gender inequality and the diverse disadvantages that women experience to a single, far too simplistic explanation: biology

Question 31

Radical feminism assumes _____ _________

Answer 31

false universalisms

Question 32

What are false universalisms?

Answer 32

1. Commonality of interests/positions among women, 2. All men are oppressors

Question 33

What is the anti-racist critique?

Answer 33

People of colour have criticized the paradigms and theories for the failure to account for racism

Question 34

The ideologies of conservatism, liberalism, marxism, and social democracy were developed largely in Europe during a period of history when the population was mainly _______

Answer 34

White

Question 35

The patriarchy of men of colour cannot be equated with that of _____ ____

Answer 35

White men

Question 36

The white feminist criticism of the family as a site of oppression is not as appropriate to the experiences of ________ ___ _____

Answer 36

families of colour

Question 37

From the time of enlightenment, and with the popularization of Darwinian theories of evolution, race became associated with ________ _________ differences

Answer 37

visible biological

Question 38

What is race?

Answer 38

Race is defined as a category of humankind that shares certain distinctive physical traits

Question 39

What is ethnicity?

Answer 39

Ethnicity is linked with cultural expression and identification

Question 40

What are the physiological characteristics that were used to identify and/or categorize different “races”

Answer 40

Skin colour, facial features, and brain size

Question 41

With the development of social darwinian ideas, physiological characteristics were used to rank people of the world in an assumed order of _________ and ________

Answer 41

superiority; inferiority

Question 42

Race is ________ _________

Answer 42

socially constructed

Question 43

What is racism?

Answer 43

The belief that human abilities and human value is determined by race; thus, the race deemed as superior has the right to dominate all other races

Question 44

What are the three key lessons learned from the research on racial health disparities?

Answer 44

1. Such inequalities occur for every disease and every disease mechanism
2. Race has no genetic bias
3. Racial inequalities in health are the direct result of differences between material and social conditions

Question 45

Black, working class neighbourhoods, during the height of the pandemic had almost ___x higher risk of getting covid, compared to White, wealthy neighbourhoods

Answer 45

40X

Question 46

Although multiculturalism in and of itself is a positive concept meant to celebrate the richness of diversity in our nation, it can be ________ ______ if multiculturalism leads to the lack of acknowledgement of the _________ of the uniqueness of racialized communities

Answer 46

utterly harmful; heterogeny

Question 47

Regretably, the multicultural narrative that seems entrenched in Canadian discourse has not _________ whiteness, but it rather constructs the idea of a white Eurocentric Canadian culture and positions other cultures in relation to the _______ _____ _____

Answer 47

decentred; dominant white core

Question 48

The collection of racial data prior to the pandemic could have led to a more ________ response with the implementation of ______-______ efforts

Answer 48

equitable; community-specific

Question 49

Cultural racism holds the same sort of untested beliefs and assumptions about a group, but their target is the group’s _______, rather than their physical characteristics

Answer 49

culture

Question 50

What is institutional racism?

Answer 50

The systematic/structural expression of personally-held racist beliefs. Systemic inequalities based on race in: banking, housing, education, and health care

Question 51

What is paternalistic racism?

Answer 51

When members of the dominant group intervene ‘for the good’ of the subordinate group

Question 52

What is colourblind racism?

Answer 52

It aims to ignore race entirely. It assumes that ‘all people are equal’ and that race does not matter