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VCE Chemistry - Edrolo - Units 1 & 2 > Chapter 7 - Families of organic compounds > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Families of organic compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

Addition reaction 

A

a reaction in which one molecule combines with another molecule to form a larger molecule

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2
Q

Alkane 

A

hydrocarbon that contains only single carbon to carbon bonds

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3
Q

Alkene

A

hydrocarbon with at least one double carbon to carbon bond

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4
Q

Carbon chain

A

linear set of carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon

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5
Q

Homologous series

A

series of hydrocarbons that have a similar chemical structure and chemical properties

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6
Q

Hydrocarbon

A

compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only

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7
Q

Organic compounds 

A

compounds consisting of carbon atoms most commonly covalently bonded to hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus or oxygen atoms

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8
Q

Saturated hydrocarbon

A

a hydrocarbon possessing only single bonds between carbon atoms

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9
Q

Substitution reaction

A

one atom or group of atoms replacing a part of another molecule

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10
Q

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

A

a hydrocarbon possessing at least one double bond between carbon atoms

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11
Q

Alkyl group

A

a side-chain attached to the parent carbon chain, containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms

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12
Q

Nomenclature 

A

system developed in order to identify organic compounds

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13
Q

Parent chain

A

longest continuous chain of carbon-carbon bonds

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14
Q

Parent name

A

component of systematic name that refers to the length of the parent chain

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15
Q

Structural isomers

A

isomers that have the same molecular formula but the atoms are arranged in a different spatial arrangement

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16
Q

Systematic name

A

standardised name used to identify organic compounds

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17
Q

Alcohol

A

organic compound that has a hydroxyl (–OH) group bonded to a carbon atom in the parent chain

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18
Q

Carboxylic acid

A

organic compound that contains a carboxyl functional group (–COOH)

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19
Q

Carboxyl group 

A

functional group that has a carbon double bonded to an oxygen and singly bonded to a hydroxyl group

20
Q

Functional group 

A

specific groups of atoms within a compound that affect the properties of the compound

21
Q

Haloalkane 

A

organic compound that has one or more halogen atom bonded to a carbon atom in the carbon chain

22
Q

Halogen

A

element in group 17 of the periodic table (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine)

23
Q

Hydroxyl group

A

functional group consisting of an oxygen atom covalently bonded to a hydrogen atom (–OH)

24
Q

Biomass

A

any organic material made of plant or animal matter

25
Q

Crude oil

A

mixture of differently sized hydrocarbons found in underground deposits and used as a resource

26
Q

Ecosystem

A

community of life forms interacting with their environment

27
Q

Fossil fuel 

A

hydrocarbon-containing material formed in the Earth’s crust from plant and animal remains

28
Q

Non-renewable

A

unable to be naturally replenished

29
Q

Organic chemical 

A

any compound that contains carbon-carbon and/or carbon-hydrogen bonds

30
Q

Petrochemical

A

derived from crude oil

31
Q

Renewable 

A

comes from sources that naturally renew themselves at a rate that allows them not to become depleted

32
Q

Sustainable

A

can be produced at a rate that is greater than consumption without compromising future generations

33
Q

Synthesise

A

produce a chemical through reaction with other compounds

34
Q

Synthetic

A

produced artificially by humans using chemical reactions

35
Q

Adhesivity 

A

property of being sticky

36
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

phenomenon of increasing contaminant concentration in an organism over time

37
Q

Biomagnification 

A

phenomenon of higher contaminant concentration in organisms higher in the food chain

38
Q

Carcinogenic 

A

having the potential to cause cancer

39
Q

Food chain

A

a series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food

40
Q

Inertness

A

property of being unreactive

41
Q

Inhalant

A

chemical whose vapours can be concentrated and breathed in to produce intoxication, contrary to its intended usage

42
Q

Microbeads

A

manufactured microplastics less than 1 mm in length used in exfoliating products and toothpastes

43
Q

Microplastics 

A

polluting fragments of plastic less than 5 mm in length

44
Q

Ozone layer

A

layer within stratosphere with high concentration of ozone (O3) that absorbs UV radiation

45
Q

Solvent 

A

substance that dissolves another substance

46
Q

Stratosphere

A

layer of earth’s atmosphere 20–50 km above sea level

VCE Chemistry - Edrolo - Units 1 & 2 (15 decks)

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