Chapter 5 - Separation and identification of the components of mixtures

Question 1

Adsorption 

Answer 1

adhering of a component onto the stationary phase

Question 2

Aqueous solution

Answer 2

solution in which the solvent is water

Question 3

Chromatogram

Answer 3

visual output of chromatography

Question 4

Desorption

Answer 4

release of a component from the stationary phase by dissolving

Question 5

Dissolved

Answer 5

incorporated into a liquid to form a solution

Question 6

Eluent

Answer 6

solvent fluid that moves through a chromatography system

Question 7

Homogeneous

Answer 7

a mixture with uniform composition and properties

Question 8

HPLC

Answer 8

chromatography technique in which the mobile phase is pumped through a tightly packed stationary phase under pressure

Question 9

Hydrated

Answer 9

surrounded by water molecules

Question 10

Ion-dipole attraction

Answer 10

electrostatic attraction between a permanent dipole and an ion

Question 11

Ionisation

Answer 11

process by which a chemical species gains or loses an electron to gain an electric charge

Question 12

Mobile phase

Answer 12

fluid in a chromatography system that carries the sample over the stationary phase

Question 13

Origin

Answer 13

line at which samples are placed in paper and thin-layer chromatography

Question 14

Paper chromatography

Answer 14

chromatography technique using absorbent paper

Question 15

Peak area 

Answer 15

the area enclosed between the peak and the baseline on a chromatogram

Question 16

Retention factor

Answer 16

the ratio of the distance moved by a component to the distance moved by the solvent front

Question 17

Retention time

Answer 17

time taken for a component to pass through a HPLC column

Question 18

Solute

Answer 18

substance that dissolves in a solvent

Question 19

Solution 

Answer 19

homogeneous mixture in which a substance is dissolved in another

Question 20

Solvent

Answer 20

substance that dissolves another substance

Question 21

Solvent front

Answer 21

the wet moving edge of the solvent in chromatography

Question 22

Stationary phase 

Answer 22

solid onto which the components of a sample adsorb

Question 23

Thin-layer chromatography

Answer 23

chromatography technique using a thin stationary phase
supported by an inert backing