Chapter 7- Ethnicities (Key issues 1 + 2 so far) Flashcards
Ethnicity
Identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth.
Race
Identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait, such as skin colour.
Nationality
Identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country.
What percentage of the U.S. is Hispanic?
17%
What percentage of the U.S. is African-American?
12%
What percentage of the U.S. is Asian-American
5%`
Where do 2/3 of American Hispanics come from?
Mexico
Where do 1/4 of American Hispanics come from?
the Caribbean
What three populations are considered indigenous peoples?
Native Americans, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians
What are the 6 most numerous indigenous peoples populations?
Native Hawaiian, Cherokee, Navajo, Chippewa, Sioux, and Choctaw
Why don’t contemporary geographers use race as a classification of people?
Biological classification of race is the basis of racism.
Racism
The belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capabilities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.
Racist
A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism.
What is the difference between “Black” and “Native-American?”
Black and African-American are sometimes grouped as races, but only one of these is one. Black is a race; African-American is an ethnicity.
Ethnic Enclave
A place with a high concentration of an ethnic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area. Ex. Goutte d’Or is a neighbourhood with many Muslims in France.
True or false: Most ethnic enclaves are neighbourhoods in large cities.
True.
Ethnoburb
Suburban area with a cluster of a particular ethnic population.
Why is ethnicity in Brazil so complex?
Brazil is composed of many people whose ancestors emigrated from different places (Portugal, West Africa, Japan, some other European countries.) It also contains a large number of indigenous people.
Provide information on the clustered distribution of races in Brazil.
South- Whites. North- Indigenous people. Northwest- Brown. West-central - white and brown.
Describe the Triangular slave trade.
From Africa, slaves and gold were transported to the Western Hemisphere. From there, sugar and molasses were taken to Europe. From Europe, ships carried cloth and other trade goods in Africa to buy slaves.
Describe the interregional migration of African-Americans from the southern U.S. to northern cities.
It happened in 1900-1950. Sharecroppers started to lose their jobs and moved north to find more of them.
Describe the intraregional migration from ghettos to suburban neighbourhoods
It first started in 1950. When the sharecroppers moved to the north, they settled in ghettos. Many white people left the surrounding cities because of the incoming African-Americans. This meant the sharecroppers could move into adjacent neighbourhoods.
Sharecropper
People that work fields rented from a land owner, and pay rent by turning over crops to the land owner.
Blockbusting
Real estate agents convinced white home owners to sell their houses at low prices, preying on their fears that black families would soon move into the neighbourhood.
Seperate but equal doctrine
Laws saying that “blacks” and “whites” should be segregated but “equal”
Apartheid
The legal separation of races into different geographic areas (Ex. South Africa)
Boer
A descendant of whites who arrived in South Africa; the ones who enforced Apartheid.
The leaders of South Africa designated ___ _______, __ of which were supposed to become ___________ __________.
10 homelands, 4, independent countries.
Nelson Mandela
The first black president of South Africa.
Nationality in the US:
Citizens who are born in/emigrated to the US.
Ethnicity in the US:
identifies groups with distinct ancestry and culture
