Chapter 7 Early Childhood Flashcards
What motor skill enjoy simple movements such as hopping, jumping, and running back and forth.
Gross motor skills
A pituitary gland secretes scare growth hormone.
Growth hormone deficiency
This is the fundamental for child’s development.
Sleep
Changeable mental activities that enable a child to function.
Operations
This is the capacity to envision and think symbolically, it also begins to relate this ability through behavior and language.
Preoperational stage
The child’s restricted ability to differentiate and comprehend points of view other than their own.
Egocentrism
It is the belief of a child that inanimate objects have the attributes and motion of living beings.
Animism
The application of a child’s interpretation of a fixed idea to a specific context.
Centration
Honing the child’s tasks, abilities, and progress in terms of what they can accomplish independently.
Zone of Proximal Development
The extent to which a child can learn with the assistance of an instructor.
Upper Limit
The level of the child’s ability to work independently.
Lower Limit
Changing the amount of assistance provided to a child based on its performance.
Scaffolding
The child’s acquisition of new skills and knowledge was facilitated by social interaction and social context.
Social Constructivist Approach
The child’s perception of objects evolves over time, and their muscles are well established enough that they can move their eyes according to their interests.
Perceptual Development
The capacity to mentally represent an object that is not visible.
Substage of Symbolic Function
The child becomes curious and asks numerous questions as they strive to understand their surroundings through premature reasoning.
Intuitive Thought Substage
Allow children to express themselves, solve problems, and learn new things
Language and thought
Characterized by the concentration of mental resources and the pursuit of specific interest in the information.
Attention
The ability of children to block out other sources of information and focus solely on a single task.
Executive Attention
Children’s ability to focus on a task for an extended period of time.
Sustained Attention
The ability to recall information for an extended period of time
Memory
Describes the capacity to store and absorb information for a brief period of time.
Short-term Memory
Recalling knowledge or memories from one’s own life that are substancial and unforgettable.
Autobiographical Memory
The greater level of cognition skills that are used to manage and regulate mental abilities and behavior.
Executive function
Consciousness of one’s own and others’ mental processes.
The Child’s Theory of Mind
At the age of two, the child is conscious of the fact that what another person deems will also be deemed by her own eyes.
Perception
The child is now able to discern between positive and negative emotion.
Emotions
When a child is in this mental state, they will try to get what they desire.
Desire
It demonstrates the children’s physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development.
Focuses on the child. Learning is created for the individual.
The Child-Centered Kindergarten
Children have the autonomy to select their activities and the liberty to accomplish and change based on their interest.
The Montessori Approach
It focusses on the significance of creating an environment that promotes student engagement and reflects children’s interest and abilities.
Age-appropriate education.
Developmentally Appropriate Practice
Education that focuses on the typical developmental patterns of children (age appropriateness) and the uniqueness of each child (individual-appropriateness).
Developmentally Appropriate and Inappropriate Education
It is a compensatory program designed to provide children from low-income families the opportunity to acquire the skills and experiences important for success in school.
Project Head Start
Was established in 1995 to serve children from birth to 3 years of age.
Early Head Start
