Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology Exam 2 > Chapter 7 - Control of Microbial Growth > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Control of Microbial Growth Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What kills all microorganisms?

A

Sterilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is disinfection?

A

Destruction of pathogenic organisms on an inert surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a danger of disinfection?

A

It can damage living tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Antisepsis?

A

The destruction of pathogenic organisms on living tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is sanitizer?

A

A product that lowers the number of microbials to safe levels as set by public health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does it mean if something is septic?

A

It is contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is aseptic?

A

Free of pathogenic microorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is degermination?

A

The mechanical removal of microorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What form of microbial growth control is hand soap?

A

Degermination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the -cide ending mean?

A

Kill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the -stat ending mean?

A

Slow, inhibit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the -lytic ending mean?

A

Rupture of cell (kills most of the time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What 4 factors affect antimicrobial effectiveness?

A
  1. Concentration of microbes - less cells, more effective
  2. Environmental factors - temp., pH, pure or mixed culture
  3. Time of exposure
  4. Specific microbial characteristics - resistance to death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Decimal Reduction Time?

A

The time in which 90% of microbial population will be killed at a given temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If the temperature is low, what will happen to the Decimal Reduction Time (D)?

A

It will increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an example of moist heat that discourages microbial growth?

A

Autoclave - uses water, heat, pressure

17
Q

What is an example of dry heat antimicrobial?

A

Oven - used in clinical setting for glassware and metal

18
Q

What is the lowest temperature at which all microorganisms are destroyed in 10 minutes called?

A

Thermal Death Point

19
Q

What is the Thermal Death Time?

A

The minimum amount of time at which all microorganisms are destroyed at a a given temperature

20
Q

What is the x-ray an example of?

A

Ionizing radiation

21
Q

What is ionizing radiation?

A

x-ray, gamma ray, electron beams; form hydroxyl free radicals

22
Q

What is non-ionizing radiation?q

A

UV, damages cell components, ex. sunburn, damage nucleic acids

23
Q

What is pasteurization?

A

not sterilizing, heat decreases number of microorganisms to a safe level using low heat

24
Q

What is the use of membrane filters to retain certain organisms then treat and destroy or lower cell numbers called?

A

Filtration

25
Q

How do toxic chemicals work to combat microbial growth?

A

gasses - toxic and impede growth

antimicrobials - don’t necessarily kill organisms, concern for environment because they are harmful to living things

26
Q

What is dessication?

A

Dehydration of microbes

27
Q

What form of temperature lowering is most harmful to microorganisms and why?

A

Slow-low drop, because it causes crystals to form in the cell

28
Q

What is one way to dehydrate a microorganism?

A

Placing them in a hypertonic solution (osmotic pressure)

29
Q

What is the name of any chemical substance used to prevent or treat a wide range of problems?

A

Chemotherapeutic agent

30
Q

What form of medicine is made by a living organism?

A

Antibiotic

31
Q

What is the name of the lowest concentration of chemotherapeutic agent or antimicrobial that will kill a microorganism?

A

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

32
Q

What are 2 ways to evaluate antimicrobials?

A
  1. Use dilution test

2. Disk diffusion method

33
Q

How does the Use Dilution Test work?

A

Metal rings are dipped in cultures, then soaked in antimicrobial for 10 minutes, rings are then placed on growth media and incubated; look for growth

34
Q

How does the Disk Diffusion Method work?

A

Filter paper disks are soaked in anti-microbial and placed on petri dish of microorganisms, incubated, if it works there is a clear zone on the plate

Microbiology Exam 2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions