Chapter 7:Computational Thinking Flashcards

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1
Q

linear search

A

used to sort list and arrays

only option for unsorted data

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2
Q

Algorithm

A

is a list of steps that perform a task

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3
Q

Pattern matching

A

Identifying patterns and recognising when two patterns are similar

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4
Q

Decomposition

A

Breaking a complex task down into a set of smaller and simpler tasks

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5
Q

Abstraction

A

Ignoring irrelevant details and reducing a problem to its essential features

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6
Q

Computational Thinking

A

A way of approaching problems that is particularly useful in computing

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7
Q

Name two types of algorithms

A

Search and sort

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8
Q

Name two search algorithms

A

Linear search

Binary search

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9
Q

Algorithms should be:

A

Should be efficient
Consist of finite steps
Easy for people to understand
Clear purpose and flow

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10
Q

Intractable

A

no algorithm can solve them in a reasonable amount of time

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11
Q

What is the function of equivalence classes?

A

Allow data to be read on a graph

Allows to compare complexity between algorithms

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12
Q

Advantages of binary search

A

quicker and more efficient for larger and sorted data

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13
Q

Heuristics

A

rough estimate of answer

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14
Q

O(n)

A

linear

e.g. linear search

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15
Q

O(1)

A

less complex than O(n)

runs in “constant time”

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16
Q

O(n2)

A

more complex than O(n)

quadratic complexity

17
Q

bit

A

basic unit of information in computing is 1 or 0

18
Q

byte

A

made of eight bits.

Each represents a single character

19
Q

ASCII

A

a standard character set that represents 256 character using one byte (8 bits)

20
Q

Character set

A

a collection of characters with a specific purpose

21
Q

Unicode

A

universal standard character set

first 128 characters of Unicode are the same as ASCII

22
Q

UTF-8

A

UTF-Universal Transformation Format

8-eight bit blocks represent a character

used to encode unicode characters