Chapter 7- Cell Structure And Function Flashcards
What is the cell theory?
States that all things are made up of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and that new cells are produced from existing cells.
What is a cell?
Basic unit of all forms of life.
Prokaryotes
Unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus.
Eukaryotes
Organism whose cells contain a nucleus.
What is a organelle?
Specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a cell.
Chromatin
Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones.
Chromosomes
Threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information. In eukaryotes, they are found in the nucleus. In prokaryotes, they are found in the cytoplasm.
Microtubules
Present in the cytoplasm of cells sometimes aggregating to form more complex structures.
Microfilaments
A small rodlike structure found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Phospholipid bilayer
A thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules that form a continuous barrier around all cells.
DIFFUSION
Process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
Equilibrium
The condition in which all acting influences are balanced or canceled by equal opposing forces, resulting in a stable system.
Osmosis
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
Osmotic pressure
Pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement across a selectively permeable membrane
Facilitated diffusion
Process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
