Chapter 7 Aquatic Ecosystems

Question 1

lake that has a large amount of plant growth due to nutrients

Answer 1

eutrophic lake

Question 2

organisms that float near the surface of water

Answer 2

plankton

Question 3

marine ecosystem dominated by trees with stilt-like roots

Answer 3

mangrove swamps

Question 4

factor that determines where aquatic organisms live

Answer 4

oxygen

Question 5

threat to ocean organisms

Answer 5

over fishing

Question 6

marine ecosystem dominated by marsh grasses

Answer 6

salt marsh

Question 7

bottom of a pond or lake

Answer 7

benthic zone

Question 8

use stinging tentacles to capture prey

Answer 8

corals

Question 9

environmental function of wetlands

Answer 9

flood control

Question 10

threat to river ecosystems

Answer 10

dams

Question 11

Which of the following is not an environmental function of wetlands?

a. increasing runoff
b. absorbing and removing pollutants from water
c. trapping carbon that would otherwise be released into the air
d. controlling floods

Answer 11

a. increasing runoff

Question 12

Which of the following factors is not an important advantage for aquatic organisms living near the surface of a lake or pond?

a. warmer temperature
b. more sunlight
c. presence of decomposing organisms
d. higher oxygen level

Answer 12

c. presence of decomposing organisms

Question 13

Which of the following is not characteristic of salt marshes and mangrove swamps?

a. Both provide habitats for wildlife.
b. Both are dominated by marsh grasses.
c. Both are found along coastal areas.
d. Both are threatened by development.

Answer 13

b. Both are dominated by marsh grasses.

Question 14

Photosynthetic organisms are found mainly in shallow water due to the availability of

a. oxygen.
b. nutrients.
c. sunlight.
d. salt.

Answer 14

c. sunlight.

Question 15

In the _________ zone, aquatic life is diverse and abundant.

a. benthic	        c.	littoral
b. eutrophic	d.	plankton

Answer 15

c. littoral

Question 16

In the _________ zone, the water is cool and dark.

a. benthic c. littoral
b. eutrophic d. plankton

Answer 16

a. benthic

Question 17

Which of the following is not a threat to coral reefs?

a. oil spills
b. sewage
c. pesticides
d. phytoplankton

Answer 17

d. phytoplankton

Question 18

Estuaries are extremely productive ecosystems because they continually receive fresh nutrients from _________ and _________.

a. rivers, oceans
b. lakes, ponds
c. marshes, swamps
d. streams, springs

Answer 18

a. rivers, oceans

Question 19

What causes most coastal pollution in the United States?

a. lakes and ponds
b. industrial waste and sewage
c. over fishing
d. temperature changes

Answer 19

b. industrial waste and sewage

Question 20

As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground, rivers generally become

a. wider.
b. warmer.
c. slower.
d. All of the above

Answer 20

d. All of the above