Chapter 7: Aerobic Cellular Respiration in Eukaryotes Flashcards
cellular respiration
catabolic pathway that uses oxygen in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy from chemical bonds in the form of ATP
cellular respiration takes place in
the mitochondria
autotrophs
organisms that are able to synthesize their own food (complex organic molecules)
heterotrophs
organisms that cannot synthesize their own food and must feed on other plants and animals to obtain energy
regardless of being autotrophs or heterotrophs…
energy has to be extracted from organic compounds through cellular respiration
___ is reduced to H2O
oxygen
___ is oxidized into CO2
glucose
the build up of ATP is ____
endergonic
cellular respiration is an _____ reaction and ____ energy
exergonic, releases
cellular respiration produces ____ ATP in eukaryotes
36
cellular respiration produces ____ ATP in prokaryotes
38
steps of aerobic cellular respiration in eukaryotes
- glycolysis
- pyruvate oxidation
- krebs cycle
- electron transport chain
glycolysis takes place in the __________
cytoplasm of the cell
step 1 of glycolysis
glucose is phosphorylated by ATP to become glucose 6-phosphate
step 2 of glycolysis
rearrangement to become fructose 6-phosphate
step 3 of glycolysis
ATP phosphorylates fructose 6-phosphate into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
steps 4-5 of glycolysis
the 6 carbon molecule splits into two 3-carbon molecules, 1 G3P and one that is converted to G3P in another reaction
step 6 of glycolysis
G3P is oxidized and phosphorylated into two NADH molecules and two molecules of BPG, each with one high energy phosphate bond
step 7 of glycolysis
high energy phosphate bonds are removed by 2 ADP molecules, producing 2 ATP molecules and leaving 2 3PG molecules
step 8 of glycolysis
both molecules of 3PG are converted into 2 molecules of 2PG
step 9 of glycolysis
H2O is removed from 2PG, creating 2 PEP molecules each with a high-energy phosphate bond
step 10 of glycolysis
high energy phosphate bonds are removed by 2 ADP molecules, produces 2 ATP molecules and 2 pyruvate molecules