Chapter 7-A View Of The Cell

Question 0

Cell theory

Answer 0

1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
2. The cell is a basic unit of structure & organization of organisms
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Smallest living unit

Question 2

Compound light microscope

Answer 2

Uses a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps up to 1500 times

Question 3

Electron microscope

Answer 3

Instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structures up to 500,000 times their actual size

Question 4

Eukaryote

Answer 4

Cells that contain membrane-bound organelles

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

Has the directions to make proteins

Question 6

Organelle

Answer 6

Membrane-bound structures with particular functions within eukaryotic cells

Question 7

Prokaryote

Answer 7

Cells that do not contain any membrane-bound organelles

Question 8

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 8

Structural model of the plasma membrane where molecules are free to move sideways within a lipid bilayer

Question 9

Phospholipid

Answer 9

Lipids with an attached phosphate group; plasma membranes are composed of phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

Question 10

Plasma membrane

Answer 10

(Cell membrane) a thin membrane that forms the outer surface of a cell

Question 11

Selective permeability

Answer 11

A process in which a membrane allows some molecules to pass through while keeping others out

Question 12

Transport proteins

Answer 12

Move needed substances or waste materials through plasma membrane

Question 13

Cell wall

Answer 13

Made up of cellulose, surround plant cell

Question 14

Chlorophyll

Answer 14

Traps light energy and gives leaves and stems their green color

Question 15

Chloroplast

Answer 15

Cell organelles that capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy

Question 16

Chromatin

Answer 16

Strands of the genetic material, DNA

Question 17

Cilia

Answer 17

Short, numerous projections that look like hairs composed of pairs of microtubules and frequently aid in locomotion

Question 18

Cytoplasm

Answer 18

Clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell that is the site of numerous chemical reactions

Question 19

Cytoskeleton

Answer 19

Cellular framework found within the cytoplasm composed of microtubules or microfilaments

Question 20

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 20

The organelle with a series of highly folded membranes surrounded in cytoplasm and is the site of chemical reactions

Question 21

Flagella

Answer 21

Longer projections composed of microtubules found on some cell surfaces. Help propel cells and organisms by a whip-like motion

Question 22

Golgi apparatus

Answer 22

Flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins

Question 23

Lysosomes

Answer 23

Organelles that contain digestive enzymes and digest excess worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria

Question 24

Microfilament

Answer 24

Smaller, solid protein fibers

Question 25

Microtubule

Answer 25

Thin, hollow cylinders made of protein

Question 26

Mitochondria

Answer 26

Powerhouse of the cell. Transform energy stored on food molecules.

Question 27

Nucleolus

Answer 27

Organelle in eukaryotic cell nucleus that produces ribosomes

Question 28

Plastid

Answer 28

Used for storage. Group of plant organelles

Question 29

Ribosome

Answer 29

Makes proteins

Question 30

Vacuole

Answer 30

Membrane-bound compartments for temporary storage of materials such as food, enzymes, and waste