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Honors Biology > chapter 7&8 test > Flashcards

chapter 7&8 test Flashcards

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0
Q

bacteria lack nuclei and therefore also lack genetic material

A

false

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1
Q

gram-negative bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan that stains purple

A

false

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2
Q

although viruses do not consist of cells, biologists consider them to be living because they are capable of reproduction

A

false

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3
Q

viruses consist of RNA and DNA surrounded by a coat of protein

A

true

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4
Q

people can contract the influence virus more than once because the virus tends to mutate rapidly, avoiding the actions if the immune system

A

true

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5
Q

chickenpox and shingles are caused by the same virus

A

true

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6
Q

what type of cell does not have a cell wall

A

animal cell

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7
Q

folded membranes are an advantage to a cell because we

A

cell processes can be more efficient, the membranes provide a large surface area, the membranes form interconnected compartments

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8
Q

who concluded that all plants are made up of living cells?

A

schleiden

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9
Q

all living things are made up of…

A

cells

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10
Q

what do electron microscopes use to focus and magnify an image?

A

electromagnets

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11
Q

each of the following is a main idea of the cell theory except…

A

all cells are similar in structure and function

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12
Q

the scientist who first described living cells as seen through a simple microscope was

A

van Leeuwenhoek

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13
Q

one advantage of electron microscopes over light microscopes is their

A

higher magnification

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14
Q

if a cell contains a nucleus, is must be a(n) ____ cell

A

eukaryotic

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15
Q

because calls have a watery environment both inside and outside, the pilaf ends of the phospholipids in the plasma membrane form ____ layers

A

double

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16
Q

the fluid mosaic model describes a structure with…

A

polar layers on the outside and non polar layer on the inside

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17
Q

because the phospholipid molecules and some proteins are free to move, the plasma membrane is said to be a…

A

fluid mosaic

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18
Q

a cells contents would be the same as it surrounds, were it not for

A

selective permeability

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19
Q

a plasma membrane is made up of a(n)

A

lipid bilayer

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20
Q

water moves into a cell placed in a(n) ____ solution

A

hypotonic

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21
Q

if cells are placed in a strong sugar solution, water will

A

pass from the cells to the sugar solution

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22
Q

a fell moves particles from a region of lesser concentration to a region of higher concentration by ____

A

active transport

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23
Q

if it’s not watered, a tulip plant wilts because it

A

loses turgor pressure

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24
Q

if a cell is placed in salt water, water leaves the cell by…

A

osmosis

25
Q

which if the following is not a form of passive transport

A

endocytosis

26
Q

the structure most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis is the…

A

plasma membrane

27
Q

bacteria are used in

A

farming, the food industry, the medical industry

28
Q

viruses are found in

A

air, water, soil

29
Q

vectorial are the only organisms characterized as

A

prokaryotic

30
Q

when tested with a gram stain, gram-negative bacteria are stained…

A

pink

31
Q

The study of viruses is a part of biology because

A

they are active inside living cells

32
Q

The capsid of a virus is the

A

protective outer coat

33
Q

cell structures that contain digestive enzymes are

A

lysosomes

34
Q

in a cell, the sites of protein synthesis are the

A

endoplasmic reticulum

35
Q

The small, membrane-bound structures inside the cell are

A

organelles

36
Q

The movement of material into and out of the cell is controlled by the

A

plasma membrane

37
Q

an organism with the cell that lacks a true nucleus is a

A

prokaryote

38
Q

in a cell, the breakdown of molecules in order to release energy occurs in the

A

mitochondria

39
Q

short, hair-like projections use for locomotion are

A

cilia

40
Q

implants, the structures that transform light energy into chemical energy are called

A

chloroplasts

41
Q

The pigment that gives plants their green color is

A

chlorophyll

42
Q

The functions of a eukaryotic cell are managed by the

A

nucleus

43
Q

cell wall

A

rigid structure that provides additional support and protection

44
Q

plasma membrane

A

selective boundary between the cell and its environment

45
Q

nucleus

A

contains the directions to make proteins

46
Q

nucleolus

A

makes ribosomes

47
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

site of cellular chemical reactions

48
Q

ribosomes

A

sites where the cell of assembles enzymes and other proteins according to the directions of DNA

49
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

packages proteins for shipment

50
Q

vacuoles

A

membrane-bound spaces that temporarily store materials

51
Q

lysosomes

A

digests unneeded cell parts

52
Q

chloroplast

A

plant organelle that captures light and turns it into energy

53
Q

mitochondria

A

membrane-bound organelles that transform energy for the cells in plants and animals

54
Q

cytoskeleton

A

support structure

55
Q

cilia

A

short and hairlike things that beat together to move the cell

56
Q

flagella

A

Long and whiplike; moves back-and-forth to move the cell

57
Q

rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

has ribosomes

58
Q

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

does not have ribosomes. Makes lipids and detoxifies the cell

59
Q

Isotonics solutions

A

stay the same

60
Q

hypotonic solutions

A

burst

61
Q

hypertonic solutions

A

Red blood cells will shrivel and become spiky

Honors Biology (5 decks)

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