Chapter 7:6 Flashcards
Neuron
Basic structural unit of nervous system
Nervous System
Complex highly organized system that coordinates all activities of the body
Dendrites
Carry impulses toward the cell body
Axon
Single nerve fiber, carries impulses away from the cell body
Neurotransmitter
Located at the end of each axon.
Allow the nerve impulses to pass from one neuron to another
Nerve
Combination of many nerve fibers outside brain and spinal cord
Two main divisions of nervous system
Central and Peripheral
Central nervous system
Consists of the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system
Consists of the nerves has two divisions
Somatic and Autonomic
Brain
Mass of nerve tissue protected by the skull
Cerebellum
Coordinates muscles, balance, and posture
Cerebrum
Center of reasoning, thought, and memory
Medulla Oblongata
Regulates heartbeat and respiration
Meninge
Membranes covering brain and spinal cord
Midbrain
Conducts impulses between brain parts controls some eye reflexes
Neuron
Basic structural unit of nervous system
Parasympathetic
Counter acts the actions of the sympathetic system by slowing heart rate, decreasing respiration,lowering blood pressure, and increasing activity in digestive tract
Pons
Section located below the midbrain and brain stem
Spinal cord
Continues down from the medulla Oblongata and ends at the first or second lumbar vertebrae
Responsible for many reflex actions and carrying sensory (afferent) messages
Synapse
Spaces between the axon of a neuron and the dendrites of other neurons
Ventricle
Hollow spaces located in brain
Diencephalon
Section located between the cerebrum and midbrain
Thalamus
Acts a relay center and directs sensory impulses to cerebrum
Allows conscious recognition of pain and temperature
Hypothalamus
Regulates and controls the autonomic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance,
Somatic nerve system
Consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and their branches
31 pairs of spinal nerves and their branches
Cerebrospinal fluid
- Clear colorless fluid
- Circulates continuously between the ventricles and through the subarachnoid space
- Serves as shock absorber to protect and spinal cord
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain caused by a virus, bacterium, chemical agent, or as a complication of measles, chicken pox, or mumps.