Chapter 7

Question 1

Is a conscious and purposeful aspect of a counseling relationship and includes affective or bonding elements such as liking, respect, and trust along with a collaborative spirit btw the counselor and client

Answer 1

Working alliance

Question 2

Is a conceptual device used to represent the way in which most individuals enter the counseling relationship?

Answer 2

Johari window

Question 3

Reality and what people think they are right and that what they perceive is the way the world is

Answer 3

Perception

Question 4

Mean seeing things in only one way or from one perspective or being fixated on the idea that this particular situation or attribute is the issue

Answer 4

Functional fixity

Question 5

Goals are refined or altered using cognitive, behavioral, or cognitive-behavioral strategies such as?

Answer 5

Redefining the problem, altering behavior in certain situations, perceiving the problem in a more manageable way

Question 6

A technique that offers the client another probable and positive viewpoint or perspective on a situation

Answer 6

Reframing

Question 7

Changing client perceptions requires a high degree of persuasive skill and some direction from the counselor

Answer 7

Leading

Question 8

Sometimes referred to as minimal encourages such as hmmm, yes, or I hear you? They are best to use bc they are low risk

Answer 8

Minimal leads

Question 9

Such as confrontation, are more challenging and should be employed only after a solid relationship has been established

Answer 9

Maximal leads

Question 10

Term that focuses on clients feelings?

Answer 10

Affective responses

Question 11

Term that focuses on actions?

Answer 11

Behavioral responses

Question 12

Term focusing on thought?

Answer 12

Cognitive responses

Question 13

Basic type of empathy?

Answer 13

Primary empathy

Question 14

Second level of empathy?

Answer 14

Advanced empathy

Question 15

Both levels is achieved when counselors see clients worlds from the client’s view and are able to communicate this understanding back

Answer 15

Accurate empathy

Question 16

When it is accurate, involves communicating a basic understanding of what the client is feeling and the experienced and behaviors underlying these feelings.

Answer 16

Primary empathy

Question 17

Two factors that make empathy possible are?

Answer 17

Realizing that an infinite number of feelings does not exist
Having a personal security so that you can let yourself go into the world of this other person and still know that you can return to your own world

Question 18

When it is accurate, reflects not only what clients state overtly but also what they imply or state incompletely

Answer 18

Advanced empathy

Question 19

Empathy involves what three elements?

Answer 19

Perceptiveness, know-how, and assertiveness

Question 20

What is a scale that measure the here levels of empathy?

Answer 20

Empathic Understanding in Interpersonal Process

Question 21

What are the 5 levels that either adds to or subtracts from the meaning and feeling tone of a client’s statement?

Answer 21

• The verbal and behavioral expressions of the counselor either do not attend to or detract significantly from the verbal and behavioral expressions of the client
• Although the counselor responds to he expressed feelings of the client, he or she does so in a way that subtracts noticeable affect from the communications of the client
• The expressions of the counselor in response to the expressions of the client are essentially interchangeable
• The responses of the counselor add noticeably to the expressions of the client in a way that expresses feelings a level deeper than before
• the counselors responses adds feelings and means of the expressions of the client in a way that accurately expresses feeling levels below what client is able to express

Question 22

Is a conscious, intentional technique in which clinicians share information about their lives outside the counseling relationship

Answer 22

Self-disclosure

Question 23

What two principal functions does self-disclosure serves?

Answer 23

Modeling and developing a new perspective

Question 24

Counselor self-disclosure should be:

Answer 24

• Should be brief and focused
• Should not add to the client’s problems
• Should not be used frequently

Question 25

May take the form of refusing to discuss issues, changing the subject, being silent, and talking excessively

Answer 25

Hesitancy

Question 26

Involves a counselors and a client’s understanding and communicating at the moment what is going on btw them in the helping relationship, particularly feelings, impressions, and expectations

Answer 26

Immediacy

Question 27

What are the three kinds of immediacy?

Answer 27

Overall relationship,
Immediacy that focuses on some particular event in a session,
Self-involving statements

Question 28

Is the feeling that something desirable, such as the achievement of a goal, is possible?

Answer 28

Hope

Question 29

Involves giving an incongruent or unexpected response to a question or situation to the amusement of those involved?

Answer 29

Humor

Question 30

What challenges a client to examine, modify, or control an aspect of behavior that is currently nonexistent or improperly used

Answer 30

Confrontation

Question 31

Avoiding confrontation of the client’s behavior is known as what?

Answer 31

MUM effect

Question 32

Getting a client to practice a designated behavior?

Answer 32

Rehearsal

Question 33

What type of rehearsal requires the client to verbalize or act out what he or she is going to do?

Answer 33

Overt rehearsal

Question 34

Type of rehearsal that is imagining it reflecting on the desired goal?

Answer 34

Covert rehearsal

Question 35

Is the client’s projection of past or present feelings, attitudes, or desires onto the counselor?

Answer 35

Transference

Question 36

Refers to the counselors projected emotional reaction to or behavior toward the client

Answer 36

Counter transference

Question 37

Two major approaches to the problem of conceptualizing countertransference?

Answer 37

Classic and total approach

Question 38

When countertransference is seen negatively and viewed as the direct or indirect unconscious reaction of the counselor to the client

Answer 38

Classic approach

Question 39

Sees countertransference as more positive?

Answer 39

Total approach