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World History > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Franks

A

a Germanic tribe that conquered present-day France and neighboring lands in the 400s

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2
Q

Clovis

A

king of the Franks who established a kingdom in Western Europe after the fall of the Roman empire

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3
Q

Charles Martel

A

a Frankish leader who rallied warriors to push Muslims out of France

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4
Q

battle of Tours

A

a battle in which Christians stopped the Muslim advance into Western Europe

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5
Q

Charlemagne

A

the grandson of Charles Martel; he briefly United Western Europe when he built an empire stretching across France and Germany

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6
Q

Magyars

A

nomadic people who overran Eastern Europe and parts of Western Europe after A.D. 900

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7
Q

Vikings

A

farmers and expert sailors from Scandanavia who raided European river towns starting in the late 700s

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8
Q

feudalism

A

a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords

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9
Q

vassal

A

a lesser lord in the system of feudalism

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10
Q

feudal contract

A

an exchange of pledges that created the political and economic relationship between lords and vassals

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11
Q

fief

A

an estate

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12
Q

knight

A

a mounted warrior

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13
Q

tournament

A

a mock battle fought by knights

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14
Q

chivalry

A

a code of conduct adopted by Knights which required them to be brave, loyal, and true to their word

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15
Q

troubadour

A

a wandering musician

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16
Q

manor

A

a lord’s estate

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17
Q

serf

A

peasant on a manor

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18
Q

sacrament

A

a sacred right of the Church

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19
Q

Benedictine Rule

A

regulations for monastic life created by a monk named Benedict and used by monasteries and converts across Europe

20
Q

secular

A

nonreligious; having to do with the worldly, rather than the religious

21
Q

papal supremacy

A

authority of the pope over all secular rulers, including kings and emperors

22
Q

canon law

A

the body of laws developed by the Church

23
Q

excommunication

A

the penalty of forbidding someone from receiving the sacraments or a Christian burial

24
Q

interdict

A

an order excluding an entire town, region, or kingdom from receiving most sacraments and Christian burial

25
Q

friar

A

monk who traveled and preached to the poor

26
Q

St. Francis of Assisi

A

a wealthy Italian who gave up his comfortable life and founded the first order of friars

27
Q

charter

A

a written document that set out the rights and privileges of a town

28
Q

capital

A

money for investment

29
Q

partnership

A

a group of merchants who pooled their funds to finance a large-scale venture

30
Q

tenant farmer

A

a farmer who paid rent for his land

31
Q

medieval

A

relating to the culture of Europe during the Middle Ages

32
Q

middle class

A

a new social class ranked between nobles and peasants

33
Q

Why did Pope Leo III proclaim Charlemagne to be Emperor of the Roman Empire?

A

because Charlemagne had crushed a rebellion in Rome

34
Q

What was one long-term result of the crowning of Charlemagne?

A

the deepening of the split between eastern and western Christians

35
Q

What is a statement that describes events after Charlemagne’s death?

A

Charlemagne’s grandsons fought for control; his kingdom was divided

36
Q

How was Charlemagne significant in the development of Europe?

A

He spread Christianity to conquered people, and established a strong government.

37
Q

Who was the feudal contract usually between?

A

a great lord and their vassal

38
Q

What was a medieval manor?

A

a self-sufficient unit

39
Q

How did feudalism affect Europe’s medieval economy?

A

it provided a smooth process to where everyone knew what they owed to others, and earned things for themselves too.

40
Q

What did a parish priest’s duties include?

A

administering sacraments and helping the needy

41
Q

What did monks in monasteries work as?

A

farmers, missionaries, and scholars

42
Q

What describes the role of the popes in the Middle Ages?

A

they were spiritual leaders who also exercised secular power

43
Q

Why did the Church have so much influence in Medieval Europe?

A

It held political power in addition to religious power

44
Q

What crop restored fertility to the soil in the three-field system of rotating crops?

A

legumes

45
Q

What was a main goal of guilds?

A

to cooperate to protect shared economic interests

World History (5 decks)

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